内容正文:
考点14 状语从句
一、教材重点回顾:
状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号。
定义:状语从句用作状语,是起副词作用的句子。
位置:状语从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,时间、条件、原因和让步。状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。
分类:根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。
作用:它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。
1.时间状语从句: 引导连词有when,while,till,not…until,since,after ,before ,as soon as。
The bus won’t start until everybody gets on.
公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。
When he knocked at the door I was cooking.
当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。
Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours.
昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。
After I went to church, I went shopping.
我去教堂后,我去购物了。
2. 地点状语从句:地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。
Where there is a life, there is a hope. 哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.
不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。
3.原因状语从句:引导连词有because,as, since,for。
He didn′t see the film because he had seen it.
他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。
They couldn’t get on the train,for it was too crowed.
他们没能上到火车,因为太挤了。
比较:because, since, as和for
1) because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
我没有去因为我害怕。
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
因为天气不好,我们得推迟我们的旅行。
2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
他今天没来,因为他病了。
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
他一定是病,因为他今天没来。
【注意】because不能和so 连用。
4. 目的状语从句:引导连词有 so that……,in order that。
He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.
他必须早起,以便能赶上头班公交车。
He repainted the house so that he could welcome the guests.
他重新刷了一遍房子为了欢迎客人。
The mother left work earlier in order that she could be at home when the children arrived.
那位妈妈很早就下班了为了能赶在她的孩子们到之前回家去。
5.结果状语从句:引导连词有so……that……,such……that……
The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it.
这个盒子如此沉,以致我无法抬起来。
such+名词性词组+that…
如此……以致……
So+形容词/副词+that…
如此……以致……
例如:(1)She is such a g