内容正文:
第5课时 宾语从句
中考题例
1.—Could you tell me ___?
—The movie Fast and Furious(激情) 8.
A. where you saw the movie
B. which movie you like best
C. where did you see the movie
D. which movie do you like best
【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词及语序。句意“你能告诉我____?”“电影《速度与激情8》。”从答句“The movie Fast and Furious 8.”可知,第一个人应该询问的是喜欢看哪部电影,排除选项A和C。“Could you tell me”之后跟的是一个宾语从句,应该使用陈述句语序。故选B。
2.—Could you please tell me ___?
—The people and the food.
A. how does Tom like China
B. if Tom likes China
C. what does Tom like about China
D. what Tom likes about China
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意“你能告诉我___?”“人和食物。”分析句子结构可知,需要填的是tell的宾语,由后面回答可知问的是喜欢什么,可以排除选项A和选项B。宾语从句一律用陈述句语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”,只有D项符合,故选D。
3. —I am worried about ___.
—Whatever the result is, don’t be too hard on yourself.
A. how have I prepared for my final exams
B. if I can get great grades in the final exams
C. that my school team lost the game because of my fault
D. why did my school team lose the game
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意“我担心____。”“无论结果是什么,不要对自己太苛刻。”根据“be worried about”后跟的是一个宾语从句可知,应该使用陈述句语序,排除选项A、D。C项已经是一个事实,与答句“不论结果是什么……”相悖,排除C项。故选B。
总结:
宾语从句为中考的必考点,主要在单项选择题中考查,侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点。①引导词相同,语序和时态不同;②时态一致,语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及,如I wonder...,Would/Could you please tell me....,Can you tell me...,Do you know..., I don’t know...等等。
考生在做此类试题时,首先从语序着手,宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序,即:主语+谓语+宾语+其他;再从时态考虑,一般情况下,宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致,但是,如果有明显的时间状语,要以时间状语来判断时态;最后,再根据答语来判断疑问词。
宾从精讲
1.宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句,常常位于及物动词或介词之后,作宾语。宾语从句的引导词是由宾语从句的句子类型决定的,常考的引导词有that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why等,宾语从句中的时态由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定。
用法
例句
当宾语从句或间接引语是由陈述句转换而来时,用that来引导从句或间接引语,其中的that无具体意义,一般可以省略。
He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.
He said (that) the bank was near the hotel.
当宾语从句或间接引语是由一般疑问句转换而来时,用if或whether来引导从句或间接引语,意思是“是否”。从句或间接引语用陈述语序。
She asked me if/whether she could join us.
He wondered if/whether the workers had finished the work.
当宾语从句或间接引语是由特殊疑问句转换而来时,特殊疑问词就是宾语从句或间接引语的引导词。从句或间接引语用陈述语序。
Do you know who broke the do