专题1.3 科技发展类-2019高考英语题型查缺补漏练

(三)科技发展类 Passage 1 建议用时7分钟　实际用时　答案见P123 China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells,scientists said on Thursday.By December 2017,the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named “Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua” by nuclear transferring of body cells—any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996. Telra,a monkey born in 1999,is the world’s first ever-cloned monkey,but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分裂),and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs,said Pu Muming,a leading researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup,therefore all of its complexity,with humans,he said. For drug and other lab tests,scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world,which is costly,bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes,Pu said. By cloning monkey using body cells,we can mass reproduce a large number of genetically identical monkeys in a short amount of time,and we can even change their genes to suit our needs,he added.“This can save time,cut down experiment costs,and produce more accurate results,leading to more effective medicine.” Sun Qiang,director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute,said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice.However,drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different. Monkeys and humans are both primates,so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans.This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to study of primate brains. 1.Which description of the two clon