内容正文:
专题11 名词性从句
考纲展示 命题探究
基础点
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通过放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
主语从句的连接词
在句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。连接主语从句的连接词主要有三类:从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
(1)从属连词
从属连词主要有两个that, whether;从属连词在从句中不作任何成分。
That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.
Whether you can succeed depends on yourself.
特别提醒
if一般(不在句首)引导主语从句。that引导主语从句不能省略。
(2)连接代词
连接代词在从句中起名词的作用,作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,一般表示疑问。 who谁,whom谁(宾格),whose谁的,what什么,which哪一个,whoever无论是谁,whomever无论是谁(宾格),whosever无论是谁的,whatever无论是什么,whichever无论是哪一个。
What he wants to tell us is not clear.
Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.
特别提醒
主语为从句时,谓语动词一般要用单数形式;但如果what引导的从句作主语、代表复数概念时,谓语动词则常用复数形式。
What we need is water.
What we need are useful books.
(3)连接副词
连接副词在从句中起副词的作用,作状语,一般表示疑问,但有时不表示疑问。when什么时候,where在哪里,why为什么,how如何,whenever无论是什么时候,wherever无论在哪里,however无论如何。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.
重难点
it作形式主语的主语从句
(1)It+be+adj.+主语从句。常用于该句型的adj.有:
necessary必要的 likely可能的 clear清楚的
important重要的 possible可能的 right正确的
wrong错误的 strange奇怪的 natural自然的
certain肯定的 obvious明显的
It_is_quite_clear_that the whole project is to fail.
很清楚,整个项目就要失败。
典例1 It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.
(2)It+be+名词/名词词组+主语从句。常用于该句型的名词或名词词组有:
shame遗憾 pity可惜 hope希望
no wonder难怪 good news好消息
It_is_a_shame_that we should have lost such an important customer.
It_is_our_hope_that the two sides will work together.
(3)It+be+过去分词+主语从句。常用于该句型的过去分词有:
said据说 believed被相信 reported据报道
thought被认为 known所知
It_is_said_that our school will hold a sports meet next week.
It_has_been_decided_that they should start the project next month.
(4)It+特殊动词/动词短语+主语从句。常用于这种结构的特殊动词/动词短语有:
seem看上去 appear显得 happen碰巧
matter重要 turn out结果是
It_happened_that a lion was hiding nearby.
Does it_matter_that I won't attend the meeting tomorrow?
典例2 It doesn't matter ________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
典例