内容正文:
2020年高考提升之语法、词汇及情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍
03冠词(一)
冠词离不开名词,掌握冠词首先要弄清名词的性质,即可数还是不可数;其次要掌握冠词的基本用法,即什么情况下用不定冠词,什么情况下用定冠词,什么情况下不用冠词。另外还考查冠词在固定词组中的运用。
考点一 不定冠词
不定冠词有a和an。当不定冠词后面的那个词以辅音音素开头时,不定冠词用a,以元音音素开头时,用an。不定冠词多表示泛指。
1. 泛指某人/物。这个用法是不定冠词考查的重点。
1. Life is like _____ ocean: Only _____ strong-willed can reach the other shore. (2014天津)
A. an; the B. the; a C. the; / D. /; a
【答案】A
【解析】第一个空表泛指,应用不定冠词,ocean以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。故选A。
2. They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team because they knew he was ________ smart leader.
(2014江西)
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
【答案】C
【解析】captain后有定语of the team修饰,表特指,应用定冠词;第二个空表泛指,应用不定冠词。故选C。
2. 指同类人或物中的任何一个,相当于any。
1. It is generally accepted that ______ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man. (2014全国)
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; 不填
【答案】A
【解析】句意:人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会站起来,像男子汉一样去奋斗。用不定冠词泛指一类人。
2.
I wanted to catch __________ early train, but couldn’t get __________ ride to the station. (2012 天津)
A. an; the
B. /; the
C. an; /
D. the; a
【答案】D
【解析】第一个空特指那列早班火车,故用定冠词;第二个空泛指乘任何一辆去火车站的车,用不定冠词。
3. 表示“每一”,相当于every/per。
1. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ______ week, often long into ______ night.
(2014浙江)
A. a; the
B. the; 不填
C. a; a
D. 不填;the
【答案】A
【解析】第一个空表示“每周”,用不定冠词,相当于every;第二个空long into the night是习惯用法,应用定冠词。故选A。
2. — It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ______ year.
— Right, he will also get paid by ______ week. (2011江西)
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
【答案】B
【解析】第一个空用不定冠词,相当于every;by the week意为“按周计算”,是固定用法。
4. 表示“一个”,相当于one。
1. Dr Peter Spence, ______ headmaster of the school, told us, “______ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.” (2011四川)
A.不填;A B.不填;The C. the; The D. a; A
【答案】A
【解析】表示职务的名词前不用冠词;a fifth of pupils指“五分之一的学生”,这里的a相当于one。
2. I a