内容正文:
The ing-form used as adverbial
*
现在分词作状语有四种形式
1.一般形式,由动词原形+ing构成.
2.完成形式,由having+过去分词.
3.进行被动式:由being+过去分词
4.完成被动式:由having been+过去分词构成
现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的
前面加not (never)
*
1.现在分词何时用一般形式?
⑴当分词的动作是由主语发出,而且和谓语动词同时发生,则用分词的一般形式.
He was ill and didn’t attend the meeting.
=Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.
*
⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立即发生,也用分词的一般形式.
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
*
2.现在分词何时用完成形式?
当分词的动作是由主语发出,而且发生在谓语动作之前,则用分词的完成形式.
Having finished the class, she went home.
=After she finished the class…
*
3.现在分词何时用进行被动式?
当分词的动作由主语承受,而且分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生时.
Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.
*
4.现在分词何时用完成的被动式?
当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,且分词表示的动作由主语承受.
Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder.
*
现在分词作状语相当于状语从
句可表时间,原因,方式,伴随情况,结果或条件等
*
(1)相当于原因状语从句
a. Being ill, she didn’t g to school today.
=As she is ill, …
b. Having seen the film ,he didn’t go to the cinema with them.
=Because he had seen the film ,…