内容正文:
高一英语导学案-初高中英语知识衔接
第一课时 句子成分
(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。例如:
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)
We often speak English in class.(_______词)
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(________词)
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(____________)
Smoking does harm to the health.(__________)
The rich should help the poor.(名词化的___________词)
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(_________从句)
It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为____________)
【总结】主语可由名词、_______、_______、_______、_______、_______和_______等表示。
【提示】但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:
1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.
(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征