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专题12 从属连词及宾语从句考点分析
第一节 宾语从句选择的三个标准
考点设置分析
1. 宾语从句的位置(宾语从句位于“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中“宾语”的位置,即在谓语动词之后充当行为动作的内容)
2. 宾语从句要注意的三个方面是(1.语序;2.时态;3.连词)
3. 宾语从句的语序
1)宾语从句的语序必须是(陈述句)语序,即:主语名词+谓语动词+其他成分。
2)判断陈述语序的方法是:(主语名词前面不允许有任何动词,包括“助动词、系动词或情态动词)
4. 宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态受(主句时态)的限制.
即:主句是一般现在时态,宾语从句(视自己实际情况)而定。
主句是一般过去时态,宾语从句(也要使用相应的过去的时态)。
*(如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时。)
5. 如果宾语从句(说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时),这时宾语从句永远用一般现在时态。
例:The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去。
例:Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum?
第二节 宾语从句的从属连词考察
1.(that)它用来引导(陈述句充当)的宾语从句,只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成
分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
2. that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。
例:We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
3.(if)/(whether)引岛(一般疑问句转化陈述语序“是否……”语气)的宾语从句。一般情况下,可以替换。
例:I don’t know(if / whether) he will come tomorrow.
4. 连词whether 和if不能互换的几种情况
1)后边连接or或or not时,只用whether.
例:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
2)介词后边的宾语从句,只用whether. ( depend on ; be interested in )
例:Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
3)虽引导宾语从句,为了强调宾语部分,把从句放在句首,此时只用whether不用if
例:Whether he often comes to see me, I will tell you.(宾语从句“是否”)
If he often comes to see me, I will tell you.(可能是宾语从句“是否”,也可能是条件状语从句)
4)放在动词不定式前面,用whether,不用if
例:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
5. (特殊疑问词),在句中即有连接宾语从句的作用,又在宾语从句句中充当句子的成分。
例:Do you know which film (哪一部电影) they are talking about?
I don’t know where(哪里) he lives.
注意重要考点:当特殊疑问句作为宾语从句时,特殊疑问词又是提问代替原句主语,此时预先即是疑
问句也是陈述句,因此不用再改语序。
例:I want to know what’s wrong with you.
Can you tell me who has a mobile phone in your class?
实战链接:
1. That woman wanted to know ___________ her daughter liked the sweater.
A. whether
B. what
C. that
D. which
2. Have you decided when ____________ for London?
A. will you leave
B. you will leave
C. are you going
D. you are going
3. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me _______________? ---Certainly.
A. when can I get to the st