选择性必修第一册 UNIT5 WORKING THE LAND（教师用书Word）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习资料紧扣高考核心考点，以“农业”话题为载体，系统整合词汇（分类识记核心词、多义单词及派生词汇）、句式（what主语从句、given that条件状语从句等）、语篇（串记短文），通过考点梳理（多维词汇背诵）、方法指导（词根推测词义、熟词生义辨析）、真题训练（高考真题语境运用）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破复习难点，体现系统性与针对性。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如“语篇串记词汇”活动将核心词汇融入短文背诵，提升词汇运用能力；“熟词生义辨析”通过真题例句对比（如yield表“产量”与“屈服”），培养语境推断能力。设置分层检测（单词、短语、写作应用）和真题写作训练（应用文介绍农业人物，读后续写动作描写），确保复习效率，为教师提供精准复习框架，助力学生提升应考能力。

任务(一)　词汇、句式、语篇背诵 词汇多维背诵(分类识记，各个击破) 核心单词 围绕话题：农业 1．tackle the challenges of modern agriculture 　　　 应对现代农业的挑战 2．boost crop yields through innovative techniques 通过创新技术提高作物产量 3．attain sustainable farming practices for the future 实现未来农业的可持续实践 4．intense research into plant genetics and breeding 对植物遗传学和育种进行深入 研究 5．generate new ideas for efficient water management 产生有效管理水资源的新想法 6．alleviate poverty through agricultural development projects 通过农业发展项目缓解贫困 7．widespread adoption of precision farming technologies 精准农业技术的广泛应用 8．alternative crops for diversifying agricultural production 用于多样化农业生产的替代 作物 多义单词 词组(一)　熟词生义与词性活用 1．bomb [熟义]n.炸弹 vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹→[生义]v.惨败：bomb at the box office 票房大跌 2．root [熟义]n.根；根茎；根部→[生义]n.根源：the root of the problem 问题的根源 3．expand [熟义]vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→[生义]v.详细阐明：expand on her ideas 详细阐述她的观点 4．tunnel n．地下通道；地道；隧道→v.挖隧道，挖地道[词性活用]：tunnel through the mountain 在山中开凿隧道 5．flavour(NAmE­vor) n．味道；特点；特色→v.给……调味；加味于[词性活用]：flavour the dish with herbs 用香草给菜肴调味 6．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算→n.估计；估算[词性活用]：provide an estimate for the cost 提供费用估算 7．soil n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土→vt.弄脏[词性活用]：soil your new shirt 弄脏你的新衬衫 词组(二)　一词多义 1．overcome v．克服；解决；战胜；受到……的极大影响；被熏倒 ①overcome difficulties and challenges 克服困难和挑战 ②overcome one's fears and anxieties 战胜自己的恐惧和焦虑 ③be overcome by mixed emotions 心里五味杂陈 2．yield v．产出；屈服，让步 n．产量，收益 ①yield a rich harvest this year 今年获得大丰收 ②yield to pressure from the public 屈服于公众压力 ③a high yield of crops 高产量的农作物 ④bond yield 债券收益率 3．digest v．消化；吸收 n．文摘；摘要 ①digest the food in the stomach 在胃中消化食物 ②digest the new information and knowledge 吸收新的信息和知识 ③a reader's digest of the book 该书的读者文摘 ④a digest of the latest news 最新新闻摘要 阅读单词 1．hybrid　　　　 n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2．crisis n．(pl.crises)危机；危急关头 3．comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成 4．conventional adj.传统的；习惯的 5．pollinate vt.授粉；传粉 6．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 7．strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 8．leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲 9．envision vt.展望；想象 10．fertiliser(NAmE­izer) n．肥料 11．broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花 12．grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒 13．pesticide n．杀虫剂；除害药物 14．vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像 15．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 16．aspect 　　 　 n．方面；层面 17．output n．产量；输出；输出量 vt.(output，output)输出 18．instance n．例子；实例；事例 19．batch n．一批；一组 vt.分批处理 20．mineral n．矿物；矿物质[词根：mine n．矿；矿井 vt.& vi. 在……中开采，开采] 21．organic adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的[联想：organ n．机构；器官] 22．bacterium n．细菌[点拨：复数为bacteria] 23．grocery n．食品杂货店；[pl.­ies]食品杂货[助记：grocery store 杂货店] 24．urban adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的[联想：rural adj.乡村的] 25．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的[近义： character；quality] 26．celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流[辨析：celebrate v．庆祝； 赞美] 拓展单词 1． devote vt.　　　 把……献(给)；把……用于；专心于 devoted adj. 深爱的；忠诚的 devotion n. 奉献；忠诚；挚爱 2． short adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的 shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺 shorten v. (使)变短；缩短 3． convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服 convincing adj. 令人信服的 convinced adj. 确信；坚信；坚信不疑的 4． convention n. 惯例；习俗 conventional adj. 传统的；习惯的 5． assume vt. 假定；假设；认为；承担；假装 assuming conj. 假定；假如 assumption n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得 6． intense adj. 热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 intensity n. 增强；加剧；紧张 7． expand vt.& vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展(业务) expansion n. 扩大；膨胀 8． consume vt. 消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等) consumer n. 消费者；顾客；用户 consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消费 9． real adj.　　　　　 真实的 realise vt. 实现；意识到 reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实 10．salt n. 盐 salty adj. 含盐的；咸的 11．extend v. 使延长；扩大 extension n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机 12．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的 n. 化学制品；化学品 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家；药剂师 13．nutrition n. 营养；滋养 nutritional adj. 营养(物)的 nutritious adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的 14．poor adj. 贫穷的 poorly adv. 糟糕地；拙劣地 poverty n. 贫穷；贫困 15．digest vt.& vi. 消化 vt. 领会；领悟 n. 摘要；文摘 digestion n. 消化；消化能力 16．alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的；非传统的 alternatively adv. 可供选择地 17．deep adj.　　　　　 深的 adv. 在深处，深深地 deeply adv. 深刻地，强烈地，深沉地 deepen vt.　　　　 加深 depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) 18．entire adj. 全部的；完全的 entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地 重点短语 1．be used for 被用于…… 2．care for 在意；喜欢 3．in use 在使用；被使用 4．for instance 例如；比如 5．be rich in 富含……；……含量高 6．devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心[点拨：to为介词] 7．be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)[同义：be composed of] 8．depend on 依靠[同义：rely on/count on] 9．focus on 关注；聚焦[同义：concentrate on] 10．far from 远非；绝不是 11．deep down ①在内心深处　②本质上；实际上 12．in turn ①相应地　②转而　③轮流；依次 单元佳句过关(遮挡背诵，自我检测) 1．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.(what引导主语从句) 2．Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.(given that...引导条件状语从句) 3．Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops.(现在分词短语作结果状语) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．然而，他最担忧的是农民们经常收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。 2．考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 3．轮换种植的原因就是这些作物会把重要的矿物质重新释放回土壤中，为种植下一批庄稼作好准备。 语篇串记词汇(背美文，记单词) 　　Our class is comprised of thirty students from the countryside.Deep down，all of us envision ourselves attaining respectful jobs in urban cities in the near future.Dreams are rooted in our hearts.We are greatly convinced that being entirely devoted to our study can boost our confidence in tackling crisis.We will combine conventional learning methods with modern ones to expand our knowledge.Then we'll bravely output what we have learned.Certainly，it is essential that we shouldn't yield to difficulties.The instant we can't digest some aspects the teacher says in class，we will be overcome with sorrow.Too much homework generates much strain，but we have alternative methods to alleviate our frustration.For instance，we could buy nutritious foods in a grocery store in our leisure time, because shopping could relieve us of sadness and depression.And the shortage of nutrition will cause harm to our body.On the assumption that we always have such an intense and widespread interest in study, we can put our dreams into reality, which in turn can enable us to live a better life that we have been looking forward to. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 我们班由三十名来自农村的学生组成。在内心深处，我们都设想自己在不久的将来在城市获得一份体面的工作。梦想根植于我们的心中。我们坚信，全心全意投入学习可以提高我们应对危机的信心。我们将把传统的学习方法与现代的学习方法相结合，来扩展我们的知识。然后，我们将勇敢地输出我们所学到的东西。当然，重要的是，我们不应该屈服于困难。一旦我们无法消化老师在课堂上说的某些方面，我们就会感到悲伤。太多的家庭作业会产生很大压力，但我们有其他的方法来减轻我们的沮丧。例如，我们会在闲暇时间在杂货店买有营养的食品，因为购物会让我们不再伤心沮丧，而且缺乏营养会对身体有损害。假设我们总是对学习有如此强烈和广泛的兴趣，我们就可以把梦想变成现实，这反过来可以使我们过上我们一直期待的更好的生活。 任务(二)　背诵过关检测 Ⅰ.单词检测 (Ⅰ)英汉互译 1．hybrid 　　　 n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2．pollinate vt.授粉；传粉 3．celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流 4．envision vt.展望；想象 5．broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花 6．grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒 7．organic adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 8．pesticide n．杀虫剂；除害药物 9．bacterium n．细菌 10．flavour(NAmE­vor) n．味道；特点；特色 11．fertiliser(NAmE­izer) n．肥料 12．alleviate vt.减轻；缓解 13．batch n．一批；一组 vt.分批处理 14．crisis n．危机；危急关头 15．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的 16．conventional adj.传统的；习惯的 17．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 18．urban adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的 19．tunnel n．地下通道；地道；隧道 20．poverty n．贫穷；贫困 21．grocery n．食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货 22．tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 23．boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励 24．yield n．产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服； 让步 25．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到 26．intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 27．overcome vt.克服；解决；战胜 28．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算 29．comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成 30．generate vt.产生；引起 31．leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲 32．vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像 33．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 34．digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘 35．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 36．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 37．root n．根；根茎；根部；根源 38．aspect n．方面；层面 (Ⅱ)熟词生义与一词多义 1．bomb at the box office　　　 票房大跌 2．the root of the problem 问题的根源 3．expand on her ideas 详细阐述她的观点 4．tunnel through the mountain 在山中开凿隧道 5．provide an estimate for the cost 提供费用估算 6．soil your new shirt 弄脏你的新衬衫 7．be overcome by mixed emotions 心里五味杂陈 8．yield a rich harvest this year 今年获得大丰收 9．yield to pressure from the public 屈服于公众压力 10．digest the new information and knowledge 吸收新的信息和知识 (Ⅲ)写出派生或词性、词义 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……用于；专心于→devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱 2．short adj.短的；缺乏的；不足的→shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺→shorten v．(使)变短；缩短 3．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.确信；坚信；坚信不疑的 4．assume vt.假定；假设；认为；承担；假装→assuming conj.假定；假如→assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得 5．intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→intensity n．增强；加剧；紧张 6．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n．扩大；膨胀 7．consume vt.消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)→consumer n．消费者；顾客；用户→consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费 8．extend v．使延长；扩大→extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机 9．nutrition n．营养；滋养→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的 10．deep adj.深的 adv.在深处，深深地→deepen vt.加深→depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) Ⅱ.短语英汉互译 1．be used for 　　 被用于…… 2．care for 在意；喜欢 3．in use 在使用；被使用 4．for instance 例如；比如 5．be rich in 富含……；……含量高 6．devote...to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 7．be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 8．depend on 依靠 9．focus on 关注；聚焦 10．far from 远非；绝不是 11．deep down ①在内心深处　②本质上；实际上 12．in turn ①相应地　②转而　③轮流；依次 Ⅲ.佳句默写(温馨提示：用衡水体认真书写) 1．确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。(人物描写) Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life. 2．然而，他最担忧的是农民们经常收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。(what引导主语从句) However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 3．轮换种植的原因就是这些作物会把重要的矿物质重新释放回土壤中，为种植下一批庄稼作好准备。(现在分词短语作结果状语) Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Part 1　核心词句——学表达 devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)I devoted a lot of time to capturing the colors and reflections, and I was quite pleased with the result.我花了很多时间去捕捉颜色和倒影，结果让我很满意。 【用法归纳】 ◎devote...to (doing) sth 把……奉献给；专注于…… ◎devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/献身于/专心于(做)某事 ◎be devoted to (doing) sth 专心于/致力于(做)某事 【写作语料】　 ◎devote one's life to serving others 奉献一生服务他人 ◎a teacher devoted to her teaching career 一位恪尽职守的老师 ◎show devotion to one's family 表现出对家人的用心 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①She showed great devotion (devote) to her family, always putting their needs above her own. ②他把所有的空闲时间都用于阅读和写作，希望有朝一日能成为一名成功的作家。 He devoted all his spare time to reading and writing, hoping to become a successful writer one day. ③因为对中国文化感兴趣，所以长期以来我一直致力于书法，不断向大师学习，坚持每天练习。 Interested in Chinese culture, I have long been devoted to Calligraphy, learning from masters and keeping practicing every day. convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convinced adj.确信；坚信；坚信不疑的→convincing adj.令人信服的 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考卷应用文写作)I hope to convince my classmates to join me for more outdoor painting sessions in the future.我希望能说服我的同学们未来一起参加更多的户外绘画课程。 【用法归纳】 ◎convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 ◎convince sb to do sth 说服/劝说某人做某事 ◎be convinced of/that...＝hold the firm belief that... 坚信…… 【写作语料】　 ◎a convincing performance 一场令人信服的表演 ◎convince David to take up the challenge 说服大卫去接受挑战 ◎convince them of your enthusiasm for the job让他们相信你对这份工作的热情 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①The teacher convinced the students of their ability to overcome challenges. ②经过几个小时的讨论，我们终于说服他接受了我们的提议。 After hours of discussion, we finally convinced him to accept our proposal． ③她对自己的决定深信不疑，认为这是实现目标的最佳途径。 She was firmly convinced that her decision was the best path to achieving her goals. assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；假设；认为；承担；假装→assuming conj.假定；假如 【高考真题】　(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)Our teacher took us to the park, making the assumption that immersing ourselves in nature would stimulate our artistic inspiration.老师认为沉浸在大自然中会激发我们的艺术灵感，所以带我们去了公园。 【用法归纳】 ◎on the assumption that... 假定…… ◎make an assumption (that...) 做出(……)臆断 ◎assume sb/sth (to be)＋adj./n. 假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… ◎It is generally assumed that... 人们普遍认为…… ◎assuming (that)... 假设…… 【写作语料】　 ◎a basic assumption 一个基本假设 ◎assume responsibility for...承担……的责任 ◎assume a new role 担任新角色 【语境运用】　完成句子/一句多译 ①一般认为，喝中国茶不仅能让人精力充沛，还能增强我们的记忆力。 It is generally assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory. ②假设这个理论被证明是正确的，它将彻底改变我们对宇宙的理解。 →Assuming (that) this theory is proven correct, it will revolutionize our understanding of the universe.(assuming) →On the assumption that this theory is proven correct, it will revolutionize our understanding of the universe.(assumption) alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的→alternatively adv.可供选择地 【高考真题】　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)Faced with a difficult decision, David carefully considered each alternative before making his final choice.在面对一个艰难的决定时，大卫会仔细考虑每一个选择，然后做出最终选择。 【用法归纳】 ◎an alternative to... ……的替代品 ◎have no alternative but to do sth 除了做某事别无选择 【写作语料】　 ◎alternative energy sources 替代能源 ◎seek alternatives 寻求替代方案 ◎have no alternative/choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it别无选择只能勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训 ◎alternatively speaking 换句话说 【语境运用】　单句填空/词汇升级 ①We must find alternatives to fossil fuels to reduce the impact on the environment. ②You can take the bus or, alternatively (alternative), choose to ride a bicycle as a more eco­friendly mode of transportation. ③To reduce pollution，we human beings can do nothing but choose clean resources. →In order to reduce pollution，we human beings have no alternative/choice but to choose clean resources. in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来 【高考真题】　(2024·浙江1月卷应用文写作)In turn, it helps improve coordination, balance, and cardiovascular fitness. 反过来，它有助于改善协调性、平衡感和心血管健康。 【用法归纳】 ◎in one's turn 轮到某人 ◎by turns 轮流；交替地 ◎take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 ◎It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 ◎It turns/turned out that... 结果…… 【写作语料】　 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When it was my turn to receive the award, I walked to the podium with a touch of confidence. 当轮到我领奖时，我带着一丝自信走上了领奖台。 【语境运用】　完成语段 在一个组织有序的课堂上，学生们轮流发表自己的想法，老师则相应地给出建设性的反馈。课堂上学生们交替进行热烈的讨论和安静的反思，营造出一个充满活力的学习环境。结果通常是，最有价值的见解往往来自这些协作交流。轮到每个人发言表达意见时，每个人都在塑造整个班级的集体知识和成长方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 In a well­organized classroom, students ①take turns to present their ideas, and the teacher ②responds in turn with constructive feedback.③By turns, the class engages in lively discussions and quiet reflection, creating a dynamic learning environment.④It often turns out that the most valuable insights come from these collaborative exchanges.⑤When expressing their opinions in his/her turn, each individual plays a crucial role in shaping the collective knowledge and growth of the class. 句式：given that...引导条件状语从句 【教材原句】　Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 【用法归纳】 given that作连词，引导条件状语从句，可根据语境意为“假如，如果，考虑到，鉴于，只要，在……的情况下”。其他同义表达有：considering (that) 考虑到；supposing (that) 假设；如果；assuming (that) 假使；as long as 只要 【写作佳句】　 ①Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you.[传统文化] 鉴于你对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍端午节。 ②Considering (that) we students need more physical exercise，our school organized a cross­country running race last Sunday. 考虑到我们学生需要更多的体育锻炼，我校上周日举行了一次越野赛跑。 【仿写借鉴】　完成句子 ①(2020·浙江卷)考虑到没人帮我们吓走北极熊，我们只得自救。 Given that/Considering that no one helped us frighten away the polar bear, we had no alternative but to save ourselves. ②只要你听医生的话，照他说的去做，你很快就会好起来的。 As long as/Given that you listen to the doctor and do as he tells you, you'll get better soon. 句式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that... 【教材原句】　Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种，这种杂交品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 【用法归纳】 该句型的常见表达有： ◎It is thought/believed/hoped that...大家认为/相信/希望…… ◎It is reported/supposed that...据报道/推测…… ◎It is well known that...众所周知…… ◎Sb/Sth is thought/believed/hoped to do sth，意为“某人/物被认为/相信/希望做某事”。其中，根据情况不定式可用一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)。 【写作佳句】　 ①It is believed that learning a foreign language enhances cognitive abilities. 人们认为学习外语可以提高认知能力。 ②It is hoped that the new policy will promote economic growth and social stability. 人们希望新政策能促进经济增长和社会稳定。 ③It is reported that scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery in cancer research. 据报道，科学家们在癌症研究领域取得了突破性发现。 【仿写借鉴】　翻译句子 ①众所周知，定期锻炼有助于改善身心健康。 It is well known that regular exercise contributes to better physical and mental health. ②人们普遍认为教育在个人发展中起着至关重要的作用。 It is widely acknowledged that education plays a crucial role in personal development. Part 2　阅读词汇——善辨义 1．yield A．vt.产出，提供 B．vi.屈服，让步 C．n.产量，收益 ①The bond offers a high yield for investors seeking steady income. C ②Despite pressure from his colleagues, he refused to yield on his position. B ③The farmer's fields yielded a bountiful harvest this year. A 2．digest A．vt.消化(食物)　B．vt.理解，吸收(信息)　C．n.文摘，摘要 ①It takes time for the body to digest a heavy meal. A ②The magazine publishes a weekly digest of the most important events. C ③She needed a moment to digest the shocking news before responding. B 3．overcome A．vt.克服；解决　B．vt.打败，战胜　C．vt.(感情)压倒，使受不了 ①To everyone's shock，in the final game Sweden easily overcame France. B ②His parents were overcome with great sorrow at his grandpa's funeral. C ③In addition，their smile­to­life attitude even in such tough situations also inspired me to overcome any difficulties in life. A 巧借词根gen/gener推测词义 词根gen/gener意为“产生， 出生” [本单元]generate vt.产生，发生 [相关词]①generation n．一代，代　②gene n．基因 1．The scientist studied the genetic makeup of the species to understand its evolutionary history. [词义]gene(基因)＋tic(形容词后缀)→genetic adj.基因的，遗传的 2．The historian traced the genealogy of the royal family back several centuries. [词义]gene(基因)＋alogy(学科/研究)→genealogy n．家谱，宗谱 3．The book explores the genesis of human civilization and its cultural evolution. [词义]gene(基因)＋sis→genesis n．起源，创始 4．The engineer designed a new generator to produce electricity more efficiently. [词义]gener(产生)＋ator(名词后缀)→generator n．发电机；生成器 5．The regeneration of the forest after the wildfire took several years to complete. [词义]re(再次)＋gener(产生)＋ation(名词后缀)→regeneration n．再生，重建 (一)核心词句专练——单句语法填空 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The colors are vibrant, and I used a mix of techniques to create texture and depth (deep). 2．From his convincing words，I was entirely convinced of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly.(convince) 3．I think we should devote much more time to adjusting (adjust) to the new environment. 4．A shortage (short) of reliable evidence is likely to lead to the suspect's being released. 5．I have no alternative but to ask (ask) him for an appropriate way to solve the problem. 6．We are working on the assumption (assume)that everyone has the ability to deal with difficult situations. 7．In the past it was our parents that helped us in many aspects and in turn, we should give a helping hand to them from now on. 8．You really deserve the honor for what you have devoted to traditional Chinese opera these years. (二)阅读词汇猜词——熟词生义、派生 1．Despite the star­studded cast and massive budget, the movie bombed at the box office.v.惨败 2．The construction crew worked tirelessly to tunnel through the mountain for the new railway.v.挖隧道，挖地道 3．The contractor's estimate for the home renovation project was higher than the homeowner's budget.n.估计；估价 4．While playing in the muddy field, the children's clothes quickly became soiled and required washing.v.弄脏 5．To find a lasting solution, we must address the root of the problem, not just the symptoms.n.根源 6．During the presentation, the speaker was asked to expand on the key points of his proposal.v.详细阐明 7．The strict budget constraints imposed by the company's financial situation forced the marketing team to find creative solutions to promote their products without overspending. ◎con­(一起；共同)＋strain(拉紧)＋­t→constraint n．限制；约束 (一)应用文写作[短文投稿——介绍中国伟大人物] (2023·全国甲卷改编)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国伟大人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．人物简介及事迹；2.意义或启示。 选用本单元所学知识和右栏词块翻译句子 第一段：开篇点明所写人物 1．我相信，被称为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国农业发展中最具影响力的人物之一。 I am convinced that Yuan Longping，known as the“Father of Hybrid Rice”，is one of the most influential figures in China's agricultural development. 第二段：具体介绍袁隆平的事迹 2．他一生都致力于开发高产水稻品种，这些品种大大提高了中国的粮食产量，并帮助缓解了许多发展中国家的饥饿状况。 He devoted his entire life to developing high­yield rice varieties，which have greatly increased China's grain yield and helped alleviate hunger in many developing countries. 3．他是一个不屈不挠、意志坚定的人。面对研究资金和先进研究设备的短缺，他没有放弃，而是不遗余力地逐一克服它们。 He was a person of high perseverance and determination.Faced with the shortage of research funds and advanced research equipment，he didn't give up but spared no effort to overcome them one by one. 4．如果没有他的努力，世界上的许多人可能仍然会吃不饱饭。 Without his efforts，many people in the world might still stay in hunger. 第三段：最后总结陈述 5．考虑到他已经实现了他的目标，许多人可能会认为他会退休去享受休闲的生活，但他没有。 Given that he had achieved his goals，many people might think he would have retired to a life of leisure，but he didn't. 6．即使在晚年，他仍在继续梦想和研发出更高产量的品种，这激励了我们所有人。 He kept on dreaming up and developing strains with higher yields even in his later years，which serves as an inspiration to us all. [构建语义场——农业] 1．农作物与种植 ①irrigation system 灌溉系统 ②organic farming 有机农业 ③pest control 病虫害防治 ④soil fertility 土壤肥力 ⑤seed selection 种子选择 ⑥planting season 播种季节 ⑦fertilizer application 施肥 ⑧precision agriculture 精准农业 ⑨crop yield 作物产量 ⑩agricultural machinery 农业机械 ⑪sustainable farming 可持续农业 ⑫high­yield varieties 高产品种 2．农业资源与环境 ⑬water conservation 水资源保护 ⑭land management 土地管理 ⑮biodiversity conservation 生物多样性保护 ⑯climate change adaptation 适应气候变化 ⑰renewable energy in agriculture 农业可再生能源 ⑱wetland preservation 湿地保护 ⑲water­saving irrigation 节水灌溉 ⑳soil health 土壤健康 ㉑ecological balance 生态平衡 ㉒sustainable land use 可持续土地利用 3．农业科技与创新 ㉓biotechnology 生物技术 ㉔smart irrigation 智能灌溉 ㉕vertical farming 垂直农业 ㉖big data in agriculture 农业大数据 ㉗agricultural development 农业发展 ㉘agricultural research 农业研究 ㉙agricultural innovation 农业创新 (二)读后续写[农业话题＋眼部动作描写(1)] Ⅰ.教材语料背诵 词汇 [情感描写]　devote→devoted→devotion；convince→convinced；intense；leisure；deep down [动作描写]　tackle；boost；attain；assume→assumption；overcome；estimate；alleviate；digest 佳句 1．Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.(外貌描写) 2．Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.(情感描写) 3．Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.(排比修辞) 4．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision...(人物描写) Ⅱ.拓展语料积累 词汇 blink v．眨眼；wink vi.眨眼示意；glance vi.一瞥；gaze vi.凝视；stare vi.盯着看；peek vi.偷看；glimpse vt.瞥见；eyes wide with horror吓得瞪大眼睛；look straight into one's eyes直视某人的眼睛；with one's eyes fixed on sth 眼睛盯着某物；one's eyes fall on...目光落在……；make eye contact 进行眼神交流；one's eyes shine/sparkle with...眼里闪着……的光芒 佳句 1．She blinked back tears as she listened to his heartfelt apology. 听着他真诚的道歉，她眨眼忍住泪水。 2．She glanced at her watch, realizing she was running late for the important meeting. 她瞥了一眼手表，意识到自己要在那场很重要的会议上迟到了。 3．She avoids any eye contact and quickly looks away when someone approaches. 她避免任何眼神交流，当有人靠近时，她会迅速移开视线。 4．Upon hearing the news，the boys jumped with joy，their eyes shining with excitement. 一听到这个消息，男孩们就高兴得跳了起来，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 5．So absorbed was Jane that she fixed her eyes on the screen，hoping for desirable grades for the exam. 简全神贯注，目不转睛地盯着屏幕，希望能得到理想的考试成绩。 Ⅲ.语料综合运用(用上述语料完成续写) [前情提示]　米娅的妈妈海伦娜和阿姨习惯为她办生日派对，米娅一直在猜测她16岁生日派对的主题，可是没有结果。到了米娅生日那天，她穿上妈妈为她准备的衣服后发现，自己完全是一个蓝领工人。 [续写构思]　思绪被打断→母亲进来→母亲眼睛闪着调皮的光芒→客厅变成了一个繁忙的建筑工地 　　突然，她的思绪被一阵敲门声打断了。门被吱吱作响地打开，她母亲一进来，眼睛里闪着调皮的光芒。“生日快乐，亲爱的！”海伦娜叫道，她的目光停留在米娅的外表。“你找到了今天要穿的衣服了。”米娅点了点头，仍然对服装的选择感到困惑。海伦娜眨了眨眼睛说：“别担心，这一切很快就会有意义的。”她轻轻地拉着米娅走出房间，下了楼梯。当她们下楼时，米娅瞥了一眼客厅，客厅已变成了一个繁忙的建筑工地。安全帽、安全背心，客人们装饰着工具腰带，他们兴奋地睁大了眼睛。米娅的眼睛里闪烁着开心和惊讶的光芒——她明白了这是一个建筑主题的派对！海伦娜微笑着说：“我们觉得一起以这种方式制造一些记忆会很有趣。” 　　Suddenly, her thoughts were interrupted by a knock.The door creaked open, and her mother peeked in, ①a naughty glint in her eyes．“Happy birthday, sweetheart！” Helena exclaimed, ②gazing at Mya's appearance．“I see you've found your outfit for today.” Mya nodded, still ③puzzled by the choice of costume．Helena winked, “Don't worry, it'll ④all make sense soon.” With a gentle tug, she led Mya out of the room and down the stairs.As they descended, Mya ⑤caught a glimpse of the living room transformed into a bustling construction site.Hard hats, safety vests, and tool belts adorned the guests, ⑥their eyes wide with excitement．Mya's eyes ⑦sparkled with joy and amazement, and she realized it was a construction­themed party! Helena beamed, “We thought it would be fun to build some memories together in this way.” (时间：25分钟　满分：32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共7小题，每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A (2025·湖北八校协作高三联考) Retracing Charles Darwin's Travels across North Wales Uncover the best of Wales as you explore the dramatic landscapes of Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park and discover the story of Charles Darwin's 1831 and 1842 tours of Wales. DAY 1: SHREWSBURY—DARWIN'S HOMETOWN Your journey begins in the welcoming town of Shrewsbury, England, where you will meet at Darwin's Townhouse, which will be your hotel for the night.Named after and dedicated to the man himself, this charming hotel is the perfect springboard for your journey into Wales. DAY 2: INTO WALES－ON DARWIN'S TRAIL Enjoy breakfast in Shrewsbury before crossing into Wales and following Darwin's route through the Clwydian Range.On the way, stop off at a number of sites where Darwin was taught to “read the rocks and landscapes” by geologist Adam Sedgwick.Rounding off the day, you will travel through Gwydir Forest Park to reach your accommodation for the next few days, Ty'n Rhos.This comfortable, 19­bedroom country house hotel is the ideal place to unwind after the day's expedition. DAY 3: CWM IDWAL—MOUNTAINS, VALLEYS AND LAKES Heading out from Ty'n Rhos, the morning's drive will take you to the Cwm Idwal, the very first Welsh National Nature Reserve, and an important site in Charles Darwin's scientific life.With its own plant life and distinctive, fossil­filled boulders(巨石)，Cwm Idwal helped to spark Darwin's understanding of rock movements. DAY 4：ANGLESEY—INTO THE UNKNOWN Today you will be exploring what is now considered part of Darwin's first tour.No official records show that Darwin visited the Isle of Anglesey, but research has uncovered plenty of evidence to suggest that he accompanied Cambridge professor Adam Sedgwick to the island. [语篇解读]本文是应用文。主要推介探索威尔士的自然风光，重走查尔斯·达尔文1831年和1842年的威尔士旅行路线。 1．What is the primary focus of the journey? A．Exploring historical castles. B．Hiking through some national parks. C．Following Charles Darwin's scientific tours. D．Visiting some famous landmarks and museums. C　[细节理解题。根据文章标题“Retracing Charles Darwin's Travels across North Wales”(重走查尔斯·达尔文在北威尔士的旅行)和文章第一段中的“discover the story of Charles Darwin's 1831 and 1842 tours of Wales”(发现查尔斯·达尔文1831年和1842年威尔士之旅的故事)可知，该旅行主要是重走查尔斯·达尔文的科学之旅路线。故选C项。] 2．Why is Cwm Idwal important in Charles Darwin's scientific life? A．It proved his theory of evolution. B．It inspired his insights into geology. C．It was where he first studied animals. D．It was a site for his botanical research. B　[细节理解题。根据题干将答案定位在DAY 3下的“With its own plant life...Cwm Idwal helped to spark Darwin's understanding of rock movements”，Cwm Idwal以其植物生命和独特的充满化石的巨石，帮助激发了达尔文对岩石运动的理解。故选B项。] 3．What can we learn about Adam Sedgwick? A．He stayed at Ty'n Rhos for several days. B．He was the first to explore the Isle of Anglesey. C．He taught Darwin to read and write in his early age. D．He played an important role in Darwin's scientific life. D　[推理判断题。根据DAY 2下的“On the way, stop off...by geologist Adam Sedgwick”可知，Adam Sedgwick是一位地质学家，他教导达尔文如何“阅读岩石和景观”；再根据DAY 4下的“he accompanied Cambridge professor Adam Sedgwick to the island”也可知，Adam Sedgwick在达尔文的科学生涯中扮演了重要的角色。故选D项。] B (2025·湖北八校协作高三联考)Schools often have to walk a fine line when it comes to parental complaints.Diverse backgrounds mean that schools can't please everyone all the time, so educators have to judge what's best for the whole kids in their care. Sometimes, what's best is hard to decide.Sometimes it's absolutely not. Such was the case when a parent at a St.Louis elementary school complained online about a book that was read to her 7­year­old.The parent wrote： “Has anyone else checked out The Read Aloud Book on Canvas for 2nd grade today? Ron's Big Mission was the book that was read out loud to my 7­year­old.I caught this after she watched it because I was working with my 3rd grader.I have called my daughter's school.Parents, we have to preview what we are letting the kids see on there.” The book in question, Ron's Big Mission, highlights a true story of Ron McNair, who had experienced discrimination as a child in South Carolina because he was Black.In 1959, 9­year­old McNair wanted to check out books at the library, but the librarian told him the library didn't loan books to “coloreds.” McNair refused to leave the library until he was allowed to check out books.Rather than giving him a library card, the librarian called the police, who ultimately convinced her to just let him check out books. Seriously, what issue could this parent possibly take with such an inspiring story of a kid who stood up to injustice, single­handedly changed a library's racial segregation(隔离)policy and grew up to be an astronaut—a genuine, real­life hero? If there's any other possible reason than racism, I can't think of one. Hearing of the complaints, other parents responded immediately in the book's defense.They called McNair a hero and said, “He deserves to be celebrated.His story deserves to be told to our children.” And the school responded in the best possible way.The next day, the principal read the book to the whole student body via Zoom. [语篇解读]本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了一位家长对学校给孩子们朗读的一本书的投诉，以及学校和其他家长的反应。 4．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．It's hard for schools to satisfy every parent. B．Parents are always complaining about parenting. C．Parents of different backgrounds are hard to educate. D．It's hard for educators to judge what's best for the kids. A　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Diverse backgrounds mean that schools can't please everyone all the time”可知，不同的背景意味着学校无法一直取悦所有人，也就是难以满足每一位家长。故选A项。] 5．What was the parent's complaint about the book? A．It was too advanced for second graders. B．Its subject matter was out of the curriculum. C．It contained improper content for young children. D．It was not previewed by parents before being read to students. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中家长在网上写的内容“有人在今天的Canvas上的‘大声朗读图书’中检查了二年级的内容吗？Ron's Big Mission是大声读给我7岁孩子听的书。我在她看完这本书后才发现这件事，因为我当时在辅导我的三年级孩子。我已经给我女儿的学校打了电话。家长们，我们必须预览我们让孩子在上面看的内容”可知，她强调了家长应该预览孩子接触的内容，这表明她认为这本书的内容对孩子来说是不适当的。故选C项。] 6．Which of the following can best describe Ron McNair? A．Courageous and determined. B．Brave and ambitious. C．Modest and heroic. D．Sympathetic and responsible. A　[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“a kid who stood up to injustice...a genuine，real­life hero”可知，Ron McNair是一个独自对抗不公、改变了图书馆种族隔离政策并长大成为宇航员的孩子——一个真正的、现实生活中的英雄。Ron McNair在年幼时就敢于挑战不公正的种族政策，不屈不挠地争取自己的权利且成功了，由此可见他是一个勇敢和坚定的人。故选A项。] 7．What action did the school take in response to the complaint online? A．They replaced the book with a different story. B．They had the story read aloud to all the students. C．They instantly removed the book from the curriculum. D．They arranged a meeting with the parent to discuss the concerns. B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The next day，the principal read the book to the whole student body via Zoom”可知，第二天，作为对家长投诉的回应，校长通过Zoom向所有学生朗读了这本书。故选B项。] Ⅱ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1.5分，共15分) (2024·湖北省高三起点考试)In the primitive old forest area of Hanzhong，Shaanxi, there is a great amount of tough and long rattan (藤)，whose outer skin is smooth in the hand and excellent at its 1 (flexible).It is a good natural weaving material used by the local people，through their hardworking hands and wisdom，2 (make) a wide range of beautiful rattan products. Rattan weaving has the characteristics of natural materials, various techniques and visual comfort，3 greatly meets the needs of modern people for 4 new lifestyle. In recent years，more and more rattan furniture and rattan crafts 5 (enter) people's daily life，6 (add) a lively touch to life and bringing people a relaxed visual experience. The formation of the regional characteristics of traditional Shaanxi rattan weaving is not an 7 (accident) artistic phenomenon，8 an artistic expression after thousands of years of continuity，development and change, with deep­rooted national customs, culture, economy and even aesthetics(美学).It is an important cultural heritage of China. 9 a traditional craft rich in culture and art, Hanzhong rattan weaving represents the collective wisdom of the working people，10 (mirror) the essence(本质)of simple northwest customs and folk traditions and holds high value for folk custom research. 答案：1.flexibility　2.to make　3.which　4.a　5.have entered　6.adding　7.accidental　8.but　9.As　10.mirrors 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $