内容正文:
编写说明:河南省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》(2020年版),省编复习指导和历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本清单共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。
本专题是河南省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第19个专题,内容为特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略和虚拟语气)。
2026年河南省对口升学一轮复习
英语语法知识清单
专题19 特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略和虚拟语气)(讲+练)
(
【考点解读】
近5年河南省对口升学考试真题选择填空中,出现了1道题,涉及虚拟语气1道。在之前的真题中状语从句共2道题,涉及强调句1道,倒装句1道。由此可知,特殊句式在近几年真题中考查频率较低。
)
【知识点清单一】强调句的用法
【要点精讲】
场合
用法
示例
强调谓语
do+动词原形,用于肯定句或祈使句中,强调谓语动词,意为“确实、的确、一定”。
He does study English every day, but he still needs more practice.他确实每天都学英语,但仍需更多练习。
Do come to the party tonight! We need your company.今晚一定要来参加聚会!我们需要你在场。
强调句型
It+be+被强调部分+that/who+其它,被强调部分是人时,可用 who(主语)或 that;是物或时间、地点状语时,用 that。
It was in the library that we found the missing book yesterday.正是在图书馆里,我们昨天找到了那本丢失的书。
It is Tom who/that often helps me with my math problems.正是汤姆经常帮我解决数学问题。
【即时训练】
1.I ________ eat supper just now.
A.do B.did C.don’t D.does
【答案】B
【详解】考查强调句。句意:我刚才确实吃了晚饭。空后“eat”是实义动词的原形,结合选项可知,需要补充的是助动词do的相应形式,此处表强调,意为“的确,确实”;由时间状语“just now”可判断出句子时态是一般过去时,助动词应使用did。故选B。
2.If you ________ help, please call me up.
A.does need B.needs C.do need D.needing
【答案】C
【详解】考查主谓一致和强调用法。句意:如果你确实需要帮助,请给我打电话。分析句子可知,这是一个含有if条件状语从句的复合句。主句“please call me up.”是一个祈使句,表未来动作,时态是一般将来时,从句“you ... help”应用一般现在时表将来,从句主语是 “you”,一般现在时中谓语动词用原形need,此处要强调谓语,要用“助动词do +谓语动词原形”,即“do need”,意思是“确实(的确)需要”。故选C。
3.—Mary ________ study English well. She can talk with foreigners freely in English.
—So ________.
A.do; she does B.does; does she C.did; she does D.does; she does
【答案】D
【详解】考查强调句和固定句型。句意:—玛丽确实能学好英语。她能自如地用英语和外国人交谈。—她的确如此。对动词进行强调,可以用“do/does/did+动词原形”,分析句子可知,此处描述的是现在的情况,且主语“Mary”是第三人称单数,故用助动词does来加强语气;“So +主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”,意为“某人/某物确实如此”,表示对前面所说内容的肯定或确认,前面说玛丽能学好英语,这里回应“她确实如此”,主语是“she”,与前面句子时态一致,用助动词does,所以第二空填she does。故选D。
4.It was because of the rain ________ the football match was put off.
A.that B.why C.which D.what
【答案】A
【详解】考查强调句。句意:正是因为这场雨,足球比赛才被推迟了。将疑似强调句型的关键词It was和空处连词去除后,该句能够构成一个完整正确的句子,由此可判定此句是强调句型;强调句的句型结构是“It+is/was+被强调部分+that/who+原句其他部分”。此处被强调部分是“because of the rain”,是一个原因状语,所以要用“that”来引导后面的句子。故选A。
5.It was John ________ broke the window.
A.whose B.whom C.where D.that
【答案】D
【详解】考查强调句。句意:是约翰打破了窗户。分析句子结构可知,去掉It was和空处,句子结构依然完整,所以该句为强调句,强调句的结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”,当被强调部分为人时,可用who或that,当被强调部分为其他内容时,用that,本句中被强调部分为John,指人,但本句强调的是主语,所以只能用that。故选D。
【知识点清单二】倒装句的用法
【要点精讲】
场合
用法
示例
完全倒装(将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来)
用于there be 句型,be 由它最近的名词单复数来决定形式
There is a large dining-hall and many bedrooms in it. 里面有一个大餐厅和许多寝室。
以here, there, now, then, out, in, up, away 等副词开头的句子。注意:当主语是人称代词时,句子不倒装
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
Here they come! 他们来了!
表示地点的介词短语(如on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,at the foot of the hill等)在句首时
On the hill stands a temple. 山上立着一座庙宇。
部分倒装(只将be动词、助动词或情态动词移至主语之前)
否定或半否定的词如no,not,never,seldom,little,not until...等位于句首时。注意: not until放句首引导时间状语从句,后面的主句用部分倒装。
Never in my life have I heard such a thing. 我平生从未听过这样的事儿。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。
并列连词not only... but also, no sooner... than, hardly/ scarcely... when等置于句首,连接并列的两个分句时,第一个分句用部分倒装。
注意: not only...but also... 连接并列的两个词语时不倒装。
Hardly/No sooner had +主语+过去分词+when/than过去时从句
Not only was he working hard, but also he was polite. 他不仅工作努力,而且非常懂礼貌。
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me. 我一出去,他就来看我。
Not only the mother but also the children are sick.不仅妈妈,孩子也病了。
only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,用部分倒装。注意:如果only修饰主语,就不倒装。
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只有那个时候我才认识到了我的错误。
Only a doctor can do it. 只有医生能做到这一点。
以so,nor,neither开头,表示谓语所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物。
so用于肯定句,表示“某人也这样”;其句型是:so + be (have,助动词或情态动词)+ 主语。
He can ride a bike,so can I. 他会骑自行车,我也会。
She saw it,and so did I. 她看见了,我也看见了。
nor, neither用于否定句,表示“某人同样也不”;其句型是:neither (nor) +be (have,助动词或情态动词)+ 主语。
Tom didn’t watch TV last night. Neither/ Nor did I. 汤姆昨晚没看电视,我也没看。
有时so可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定,意思相当于“是的;的确如此”,此时不用倒装结构。
—They will have a good time this evening. 他们今晚会玩得很愉快。
—So they will. 的确如此。
用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+as ( though)”引导的让步状语从句中
Young as he is,he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻,但是他知道的很多。
Child as he was, he had to make a living. 他虽是个孩子,但得糊口。
在含有were,should,had的虚拟条件句中,可以省略if而把这三个词提前
Had you told me earlier,I could have done better.如果你早点告诉我,我可以做得更好。
【即时训练】
1.Mr. Green opened the door. There ________ he had never seen before.
A.a boy did stand B.a boy stood
C.did a boy stand D.stood a boy
【答案】D
【详解】考查倒装句。句意:格林先生打开了门。那儿站着一个他以前从未见过的男孩。分析句子结构可知,这是一个地点状语前置所引起的完全倒装句型,其倒装的规则是:地点状语前置、且句中谓语是表所处方位的不及物动词,此时需将谓语提至主语前。“There”为地点副词置于句首,“stood (站)”是表示所处方位的不及物动词,主语是“a boy”,故需将“stood”提至“a boy”前。故选D。
2.Look, ________.
A.here the bus comes B.here is the bus coming
C.here comes the bus D.here the bus is coming
【答案】C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意:看,公交车来了。表地点的副词here/there开头的句子,若主语为名词,需用完全倒装结构(谓语+主语),这种倒装结构常用一般现在时或一般过去时。故正确形式为“here+谓语动词(comes)+主语(the bus)”,即here comes the bus。故选C。
3.________ with anger on his face.
A.Out Tom rushed B.Out rushed Tom
C.Out did Tom rush D.Rush did Tom out
【答案】B
【详解】考查完全倒装句。句意:汤姆满脸愤怒地冲了出去。当表示地点的副词out位于句首时,句子应用完全倒装,即把全部谓语提到主语之前,正常语序是Tom rushed out,倒装后变为Out rushed Tom。故选B。
4.________ at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.
A.Sat B.Being seating C.Seated D.Seating
【答案】C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意:在房间的后面坐着一个害羞的女孩,她有一双大眼睛。分析句子结构可知,该句为倒装句,正常语序是“A shy girl with two big eyes was ... at the back of the room.”,“seat”作动词时,常用结构为“seat oneself”或“be seated”,表示状态。故选C。
5.Seldom ________ computer games ever since he was accepted into high school.
A.he has played B.he played C.has he played D.did he play
【答案】C
【详解】考查倒装句和现在完成时。句意:自从他被高中录取以来,他很少玩电脑游戏。根据时间状语“ever since he was accepted into high school”可知,此处应用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+过去分词”;seldom为否定副词,意为“很少”,位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,即将助动词、be动词或情态动词提到主语之前。故选C。
6.Only by practicing constantly, ________ you skills.
A.can you improve B.you can improve C.you improve D.you improved
【答案】A
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意:只有通过不断的练习,你才能提高技能。分析句子可知,“Only +状语”(如by practicing constantly)位于句首,引起句子部分倒装结构,即将“助动词/情态动词/be动词”提至主语之前;再根据句意,这里需要表示的是可能性或能力,所以用can比较合适,can you improve符合要求。故选A。
7.________ the classroom than the bell rang.
A.No sooner had she entered B.She had hardly entered
C.No sooner did she entered D.Hardly did she enter
【答案】A
【详解】考查部分倒装和句式搭配。句意:她一走进教室,铃就响了。分析句子结构及选项可知,句中含有句式搭配“no sooner ... than ...”,“hardly…when ... ” ,都意为“一……就……”。根据“than”可知,是考查“no sooner ... than ...”,“no sooner”后的动作(进入教室)发生在“than”后的动作(铃响)之前,需用过去完成时(had +动词过去分词),且no sooner位于句首引起句子的部分倒装(no sooner+助动词+主语+其它),No sooner had she entered符合要求。故选A。
8.— Shall we go to the movies tonight?
— If Mary doesn’t, neither ________ I.
A.will B.do C.did D.have
【答案】A
【详解】考查倒装句和将来时态。句意:——我们今晚去看电影吗? ——如果玛丽不去,我也不去。分析句子结构及选项可知, neither位于句首引起句子部分倒装,其结构为“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”;条件状语从句“If Mary doesn’t”用的是一般现在时(表将来),遵循“主将从现”的原则,主句“ neither ... I.”需用一般将来时(will do),will符合要求。故选A。
9.Not until the rain stopped _______ leave the school.
A.he will B.will he C.he did D.did he
【答案】D
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意:直到雨停了,他才离开学校 。“not until+时间状语(从句)”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装结构,即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前。由 “stopped”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,所以要借助助动词did并提到主语he之前。故选D。
10.—It was cold yesterday.
—________.
Which of the following is wrong?
A.So it was B.So is it today
C.So was it the day before yesterday D.So it did
【答案】D
【详解】考查“so”开头的倒装句的正确使用。句意:—昨天非常冷。—是啊/今天也很冷/前天也很冷。下面哪个说法是错的?A. So it was的确如此;B. So is it today天也很冷;C. So was it the day before yesterday前天也很冷;D. So it did它确实这样做了。在英语中,so开头的倒装句有两种结构,其一为“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”,表示“某人/物也如此”,用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物;其二为“so+与前面主语相一致的人称代词+助动词/be动词/情态动词”,表示对前述情况的肯定或赞同,意为“确实如此;确实是这样”。要注意前后时态、助动词/be动词/情态动词一定要保持一致。本句中前面的动词是系动词was,而D选项用的是助动词did,用法错误。故选D。
11.—My brother prefers online shopping to shopping at the mall.
—________. It’s so convenient.
A.So do I B.So I do C.So am I D.So I am
【答案】A
【详解】考查倒装句。句意:—我哥哥喜欢网上购物而不喜欢去商场购物。—我也是。太方便了。根据“My brother prefers online shopping to shopping at the mall.”可知,这是一个肯定句,且“It’s so convenient.”说明此处表示的是“也喜欢(网上购物)”,应用“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”的部分倒装结构,上一句谓语动词是“like”,答句主语是“I”,因此应用助动词do。故选A。
12.—I didn’t go to Tom’s birthday party yesterday. What about you?
—________, because I was preparing for the exam all the time.
A.Neither was I B.Neither am I C.Neither did I D.Neither do I
【答案】C
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意:—昨天我没有去参加汤姆的生日聚会。你呢?— 我也没去,因为我一直在准备考试。根据“because I was preparing for the exam all the time.”可知,此处表达“我也没去”。当后者的情况与前者一样时,要用倒装结构,如果是否定情况,通常情况下,用“neither+与前句相一致的be动词/助动词/情态动词+后者”,前后时态要保持一致。前一句的谓语动词是didn’t go,所以后一句要借助助动词did。C选项符合规则。故选C。
13.Small _________it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A.because B.so C.if D.as
【答案】D
【详解】考查连词及让步状语从句。句意:钢笔虽然很小,却是最有用的工具。A. because因为;B. so所以;C. if如果;D. as尽管。分析句子且根据前后句的“Small”与“a most useful tool”可知,这是一个让步状语从句,意为“虽然……但是……”,此处用as引导的倒装句结构“形容词/副词+ as +主语+动词”。故选D。
14.Not only ______, but I learned some knowledge.
A.did I help other people B.do I helped other people
C.I helped other people D.helping other people
【答案】A
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意:我不仅帮助了别人,还学到了一些知识。not only…but (also)意为“不但……而且”,当not only位于句首时,应将not only部分进行部分倒装,即将“助动词/be动词/情态动词”置于主语“I”之前;根据“but I learned some knowledge.”可知,句子基本时态是一般过去时,助动词要借助did。故选A。
【知识点清单三】省略句的用法
【要点精讲】
场合
用法
示例
状语从句中的省略
当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语包含 be 动词时,可省略从句主语和 be 动词,保留分词、形容词或介词短语。
When walking in the park, she met an old friend.她在公园散步时遇到了一位老朋友。
If invited, you can come to the party.
如果被邀请,你可以来参加聚会。
Although young, he knows a lot.
尽管年轻,他知道很多。
宾语从句中的省略
表示观点或猜测的动词:think, believe, suppose, guess, hope, expect 等,用 so/not 替代从句内容
— Is he at home? — I think so.
— 他在家吗? — 我想是的。
(so 替代 “he is at home”)
— Will it snow tomorrow? — I hope not.
— 明天会下雪吗? — 我希望不会。
(not 替代 “it will snow tomorrow”)
不定式to的省略
使役 / 感官动词后、情态动词后、固定搭配中
Let me help you carry the box.让我帮你提箱子。
You’d better go to school now, or you’ll be late.
你最好现在去上学,否则会迟到。why not do sth.?为什么不做某事?)
【即时训练】
1.When ___ with complaints from customers, keep patient and calm.
A.deal B.dealing C.dealt D.to deal
【答案】B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当处理顾客投诉时,要保持耐心和冷静。本句是一个省略句,当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,且从句的谓语动词是系动词be或包含be的某种形式,此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。deal与逻辑主语you构成主动关系,表示“当你正在处理……时”,应用现在分词dealing作状语。原句完整形式为“When you are dealing with complaints from customers”,在这里“When dealing with complaints from customers”是时间状语从句的省略形式。故选B。
2.Though ________ at a low price, the dictionary is very helpful to us in learning English.
A.buying B.having bought C.to buy D.bought
【答案】D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:尽管这本词典买的时候价格很低,但它对我们学习英语非常有帮助。当主从句主语一致,且从句谓语含有 be 动词时,可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词。这里主句主语是 “the dictionary”,从句还原后为“the dictionary was bought at a low price”,符合省略条件,省略后就只剩下“bought”。故选D。
3.I won’t go to the fashion show even if ________.
A.inviting B.invited
C.being invited D.having invited
【答案】B
【详解】考查省略句。句意:即使被邀请我也不会去参加时装秀。当我们表示即使在某种条件下仍然不会做某事时,通常使用“even if”引导的假设从句。结合题目,主语“I”不会去时装秀,即便被邀请。根据语法规则,省略从句的主语和be动词时,被动语态的过去分词“invited”最合适。故选C。
4.—Do you think he will pass the exam?
—I hope ______.
A.that B.so C.it D.不填
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句的省略。句意:“你认为他会通过考试吗?”“我希望如此。” 此处用 so 替代前文 “he will pass the exam”,属于 “hope + so” 的省略结构,表示对前文内容的肯定猜测。其他选项中,that 不可单独替代从句内容,it 指代具体事物而非句子,故选 B。
5.—Will they agree to our plan?
—I don’t believe ______.
A.that B.it C.so D.not
【答案】D
【详解】考查宾语从句的省略。句意:“他们会同意我们的计划吗?”“我认为不会。” 根据语境,此处需用 not 替代否定含义的从句 “they will agree to our plan”,构成 “believe + not” 的省略结构,表示对前文内容的否定猜测。A 项 that 需接完整从句,B 项 it 指代错误,C 项 so 表肯定,均不符合题意,故选 D。
6.They are active in helping classmates____________ the desks.
A.carry B.carried C.have carried D.carrying
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:他们积极帮助同学搬课桌。根据“ helping classmates ... the desks.”可知,是考查固定动词短语“help sb (to) do sth.”,意为“帮助某人做某事”,空处可用省略to的不定式(carry)作宾补。故选A。
7.—Do you feel like ________ out?
—No. I’d rather ________ a taxi.
A.to drive; take B.to drive; to take C.driving; take D.driving; to take
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和省略to的不定式结构。句意:—你想出去兜风吗?—不,我宁愿坐出租车。feel like doing“想要做某事”;would rather do“宁愿做”。所以第一空是动名词driving,第二空是动词原形take。故选C。
8.—Would you like to go to see the latest movie with me?
—I’m ________.
A.willing to go B.willing C.willing to D.willing to go to
【答案】C
【详解】考查省略句。句意:—你想和我去看电影吗?—我愿意。答语的完整形式应是“I’m willing to go to see the latest movie with you”。此处用了省略句式,而省略句中如果存在不定式符号to时,要保留to,省掉to后面的内容。故选C项。
【知识点清单四】虚拟语气的用法
【要点精讲】
1. if引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
假设情况
从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
例句
与现在事实相反
过去式
(be动词用were)
would/should/ could/ might+ 动词原形
If I were you, I would start at once.
与过去事实相反
had+ 过去分词
would/should/ could/ might+ have done
If you had taken my advice, you would’t have failed.
与将来事实相反
1.过去式
(be动词用were)
2.should+动词原形
3.were to+动词原形
would/should/ could/ might+ 动词原形
If the sun were to rise in the east, I would apologize to him.
2. wish,as if/as though 引导的虚拟语气
条件
从句谓语形式
例句
从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词
同时发生
过去式
(be动词用were)
(与现在事实相反)
I wish (that) I were a flying bird.
从句谓语动词
先于
主句谓语动词
had+ 过去分词
(与过去事实相反)
He speaks English so fluently as if he had stayed in America for a long time.
从句谓语动词
后于
主句谓语动词
Would+动词原形
(与将来事实相反)
He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.
注意:当句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时,as if 从句要用陈述语气。
例: It seems as if it is going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨了。
He walks as if he is drunk. 他走路的样子好像喝醉了。
3. 虚拟语气用在“It is (high) time+that从句”中
that从句谓语形式
例句
过去式或“should+动词原形”,
且should不能省略
It is (high) time that you went/should go to school.
【即时训练】
1.I’m busy making preparations for the examination. If I ________ time now, I ________ have a good rest.
A.have; would B.have; could C.had; would D.has; will
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我正忙着准备考试。如果我现在有时间,我就好好休息一下。表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时,主句:主语+ should/would/might/could+do。故选C项。
2.If I ________ out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper.
A.hadn’t run B.shouldn’t run C.didn’t run D.haven’t run
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没用完墨水的话,我可能已经写完论文了。分析句子结构及选项可知,句子含有虚拟条件句。当if引导的虚拟条件句表示与过去事实相反的情况时,if从句用过去完成时had done,主句用“would/could/should/might+have+done”。根据主句部分“I might have finished writing the paper.”可知,句子表达的是与过去相反的情况。A选项符合语法规则。故选A。
3.If Mike ________ here tomorrow, he ________ his old friend.
A.came; have seen B.had come; have seen
C.came; might see D.had come; might see
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意:如果明天迈克来的话,他就可能会见到他的老朋友。分析句子结构及选项可知,句中含有if引导的非真实条件句,根据时间状语tomorrow可知,此处表达与将来事实相反,从句的谓语用“动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)、should+动词原形或were to+动词原形”,主句用“should/would/might/could+动词原形”。根据上述说法,C选项正确。故选C。
4.It is suggested that I ________ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A.speak B.spoke C.will speak D.to speak
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:有人建议我立刻和威廉姆斯先生谈谈。 在“It is suggested that...”句型中,that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的结构是“should + 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。故选A。
5.—Mike, It’s time that you ________ to school.
—OK, Mom. I’ll go now.
A.go B.went C.going D.to go
【答案】B
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:—迈克,到你该去上学的时间了。—好的,妈妈。我现在就走。在“It’s time that...”这个句型中,that从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,有两种形式:用一般过去时;用“should + 动词原形” ,其中should不能省略。故选B。
6.It is required that every new employee ______ a name tag.
A.to wear B.wear C.must wear D.should be worn
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要求每位新员工佩戴名牌。根据“It is required that (要求)”可知是固定句型,其中“that”引导的从句要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式是“should+动词原形”,其中“should”可以省略,故用动词原形“wear”。故选B。
7.I wish I ________ taller.
A.is B.am C.were D.be
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我(能)更高一些。“wish”后面接宾语从句时,如果从句表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句要用一般过去时(be 动词在虚拟语气中一般用 were)。本句中,“我”现在并不是更高的状态,这是与现在事实相反的愿望,所以从句要用虚拟语气,be动词应该用“were”。故选C。
8.I would rather he ________ the truth of the accident.
A.doesn’t know B.didn’t know C.hadn’t known D.not know
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我宁愿他不知道事故的真相。“would rather”后接从句时,从句要用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去时态;表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。根据“I would rather he … the truth of the accident. ”可知,句子表示现在或将来“我宁愿他不知道事故的真相”,从句谓语动词用一般过去时态didn’t know。故选B。
9.The doctor suggested that she ______ more exercise to keep fit.
A.take B.takes C.took D.will take
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:医生建议她应该多做锻炼,来保持身体健康。suggest表示“建议”时,其宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即 “should+动词原形”,should可省略。所以这里用动词原形。故选A。
10.Tom insisted that I _________ present in the hall on time to prepare _________ the meeting.
A.were; for B.am; at C.be; for D.was; at
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气和介词辨析。句意:汤姆坚持要我按时出席在礼堂来准备会议。for为了;at在。动词insist,意为“坚持要求”时,其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,should可省略;短语prepare for,意为“为……做准备”,符合语境。故选C。
11.Her advice is that the work ________ in two weeks. Do you ________ it?
A.must finish; accept B.should finish; take
C.must be finished; receive D.be finished; follow
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:她的建议是这项工作应在两周内完成。你听从这个建议吗?accept接受;take采取; receive收到;follow遵从。分析句子结构可知,“...that the work... in two weeks.”是一个表语从句,来解释主语advice(建议)的内容,表语从句要用虚拟语气,其结构为 “(should) + 动词原形”,表从主语 the work 与所给谓语动作finish之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态:(should) be finished;根据“Do you … it?”可知,“it”指代“advice”,follow one’s advice是固定搭配,意为“听从某人的建议”,故第二个空填follow。故选D。
12.We can assure you that the articles will be carefully selected as if you personally ________ the choice.
A.make B.made C.making D.have made
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们可以向您保证,这些商品都是经过精心挑选的,就像您亲自挑选一样。as if后的从句表示和现在的情况不符,需使用虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时。故选B。
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
编写说明:河南省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》,依据《中等职业学校英语课程标准》(2020年版),省编复习指导和历年真题编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分,系统总结归纳知识点,全面梳理高考题型。本清单共三大部分:第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单,第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇和表达的语言知识清单,第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义、课件和练习题。
本专题是河南省2026年对口升学一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中语法知识清单的第19个专题,内容为特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略和虚拟语气)。
2026年河南省对口升学一轮复习
英语语法知识清单
专题19 特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略和虚拟语气)(讲+练)
(
【考点解读】
近5年河南省对口升学考试真题选择填空中,出现了1道题,涉及虚拟语气1道。在之前的真题中状语从句共2道题,涉及强调句1道,倒装句1道。由此可知,特殊句式在近几年真题中考查频率较低。
)
【知识点清单一】强调句的用法
【要点精讲】
场合
用法
示例
强调谓语
do+动词原形,用于肯定句或祈使句中,强调谓语动词,意为“确实、的确、一定”。
He does study English every day, but he still needs more practice.他确实每天都学英语,但仍需更多练习。
Do come to the party tonight! We need your company.今晚一定要来参加聚会!我们需要你在场。
强调句型
It+be+被强调部分+that/who+其它,被强调部分是人时,可用 who(主语)或 that;是物或时间、地点状语时,用 that。
It was in the library that we found the missing book yesterday.正是在图书馆里,我们昨天找到了那本丢失的书。
It is Tom who/that often helps me with my math problems.正是汤姆经常帮我解决数学问题。
【即时训练】
1.I ________ eat supper just now.
A.do B.did C.don’t D.does
2.If you ________ help, please call me up.
A.does need B.needs C.do need D.needing
3.—Mary ________ study English well. She can talk with foreigners freely in English.
—So ________.
A.do; she does B.does; does she C.did; she does D.does; she does
4.It was because of the rain ________ the football match was put off.
A.that B.why C.which D.what
5.It was John ________ broke the window.
A.whose B.whom C.where D.that
【知识点清单二】倒装句的用法
【要点精讲】
场合
用法
示例
完全倒装(将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来)
用于there be 句型,be 由它最近的名词单复数来决定形式
There is a large dining-hall and many bedrooms in it. 里面有一个大餐厅和许多寝室。
以here, there, now, then, out, in, up, away 等副词开头的句子。注意:当主语是人称代词时,句子不倒装
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
Here they come! 他们来了!
表示地点的介词短语(如on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,at the foot of the hill等)在句首时
On the hill stands a temple. 山上立着一座庙宇。
部分倒装(只将be动词、助动词或情态动词移至主语之前)
否定或半否定的词如no,not,never,seldom,little,not until...等位于句首时。注意: not until放句首引导时间状语从句,后面的主句用部分倒装。
Never in my life have I heard such a thing. 我平生从未听过这样的事儿。
Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。
并列连词not only... but also, no sooner... than, hardly/ scarcely... when等置于句首,连接并列的两个分句时,第一个分句用部分倒装。
注意: not only...but also... 连接并列的两个词语时不倒装。
Hardly/No sooner had +主语+过去分词+when/than过去时从句
Not only was he working hard, but also he was polite. 他不仅工作努力,而且非常懂礼貌。
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me. 我一出去,他就来看我。
Not only the mother but also the children are sick.不仅妈妈,孩子也病了。
only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,用部分倒装。注意:如果only修饰主语,就不倒装。
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只有那个时候我才认识到了我的错误。
Only a doctor can do it. 只有医生能做到这一点。
以so,nor,neither开头,表示谓语所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物。
so用于肯定句,表示“某人也这样”;其句型是:so + be (have,助动词或情态动词)+ 主语。
He can ride a bike,so can I. 他会骑自行车,我也会。
She saw it,and so did I. 她看见了,我也看见了。
nor, neither用于否定句,表示“某人同样也不”;其句型是:neither (nor) +be (have,助动词或情态动词)+ 主语。
Tom didn’t watch TV last night. Neither/ Nor did I. 汤姆昨晚没看电视,我也没看。
有时so可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定,意思相当于“是的;的确如此”,此时不用倒装结构。
—They will have a good time this evening. 他们今晚会玩得很愉快。
—So they will. 的确如此。
用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+as ( though)”引导的让步状语从句中
Young as he is,he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻,但是他知道的很多。
Child as he was, he had to make a living. 他虽是个孩子,但得糊口。
在含有were,should,had的虚拟条件句中,可以省略if而把这三个词提前
Had you told me earlier,I could have done better.如果你早点告诉我,我可以做得更好。
【即时训练】
1.Mr. Green opened the door. There ________ he had never seen before.
A.a boy did stand B.a boy stood
C.did a boy stand D.stood a boy
2.Look, ________.
A.here the bus comes B.here is the bus coming
C.here comes the bus D.here the bus is coming
3.________ with anger on his face.
A.Out Tom rushed B.Out rushed Tom
C.Out did Tom rush D.Rush did Tom out
4.________ at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.
A.Sat B.Being seating C.Seated D.Seating
5.Seldom ________ computer games ever since he was accepted into high school.
A.he has played B.he played
C.has he played D.did he play
6.Only by practicing constantly, ________ you skills.
A.can you improve B.you can improve
C.you improve D.you improved
7.________ the classroom than the bell rang.
A.No sooner had she entered B.She had hardly entered
C.No sooner did she entered D.Hardly did she enter
8.— Shall we go to the movies tonight?
— If Mary doesn’t, neither ________ I.
A.will B.do C.did D.have
9.Not until the rain stopped _______ leave the school.
A.he will B.will he C.he did D.did he
10.—It was cold yesterday.
—________.
Which of the following is wrong?
A.So it was B.So is it today
C.So was it the day before yesterday D.So it did
11.—My brother prefers online shopping to shopping at the mall.
—________. It’s so convenient.
A.So do I B.So I do C.So am I D.So I am
12.—I didn’t go to Tom’s birthday party yesterday. What about you?
—________, because I was preparing for the exam all the time.
A.Neither was I B.Neither am I C.Neither did I D.Neither do I
13.Small _________it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A.because B.so C.if D.as
14.Not only ______, but I learned some knowledge.
A.did I help other people B.do I helped other people
C.I helped other people D.helping other people
【知识点清单三】省略句的用法
【要点精讲】
场合
用法
示例
状语从句中的省略
当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语包含 be 动词时,可省略从句主语和 be 动词,保留分词、形容词或介词短语。
When walking in the park, she met an old friend.她在公园散步时遇到了一位老朋友。
If invited, you can come to the party.
如果被邀请,你可以来参加聚会。
Although young, he knows a lot.
尽管年轻,他知道很多。
宾语从句中的省略
表示观点或猜测的动词:think, believe, suppose, guess, hope, expect 等,用 so/not 替代从句内容
— Is he at home? — I think so.
— 他在家吗? — 我想是的。
(so 替代 “he is at home”)
— Will it snow tomorrow? — I hope not.
— 明天会下雪吗? — 我希望不会。
(not 替代 “it will snow tomorrow”)
不定式to的省略
使役 / 感官动词后、情态动词后、固定搭配中
Let me help you carry the box.让我帮你提箱子。
You’d better go to school now, or you’ll be late.
你最好现在去上学,否则会迟到。why not do sth.?为什么不做某事?)
【即时训练】
1.When ___ with complaints from customers, keep patient and calm.
A.deal B.dealing C.dealt D.to deal
2.Though ________ at a low price, the dictionary is very helpful to us in learning English.
A.buying B.having bought C.to buy D.bought
3.I won’t go to the fashion show even if ________.
A.inviting B.invited C.being invited D.having invited
4.—Do you think he will pass the exam?
—I hope ______.
A.that B.so C.it D.不填
5.—Will they agree to our plan?
—I don’t believe ______.
A.that B.it C.so D.not
6.They are active in helping classmates____________ the desks.
A.carry B.carried C.have carried D.carrying
7.—Do you feel like ________ out?
—No. I’d rather ________ a taxi.
A.to drive; take B.to drive; to take C.driving; take D.driving; to take
8.—Would you like to go to see the latest movie with me?
—I’m ________.
A.willing to go B.willing C.willing to D.willing to go to
【知识点清单四】虚拟语气的用法
【要点精讲】
1. if引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气
假设情况
从句谓语形式
主句谓语形式
例句
与现在事实相反
过去式
(be动词用were)
would/should/ could/ might+ 动词原形
If I were you, I would start at once.
与过去事实相反
had+ 过去分词
would/should/ could/ might+ have done
If you had taken my advice, you would’t have failed.
与将来事实相反
1.过去式
(be动词用were)
2.should+动词原形
3.were to+动词原形
would/should/ could/ might+ 动词原形
If the sun were to rise in the east, I would apologize to him.
2. wish,as if/as though 引导的虚拟语气
条件
从句谓语形式
例句
从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词
同时发生
过去式
(be动词用were)
(与现在事实相反)
I wish (that) I were a flying bird.
从句谓语动词
先于
主句谓语动词
had+ 过去分词
(与过去事实相反)
He speaks English so fluently as if he had stayed in America for a long time.
从句谓语动词
后于
主句谓语动词
Would+动词原形
(与将来事实相反)
He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.
注意:当句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时,as if 从句要用陈述语气。
例: It seems as if it is going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨了。
He walks as if he is drunk. 他走路的样子好像喝醉了。
3. 虚拟语气用在“It is (high) time+that从句”中
that从句谓语形式
例句
过去式或“should+动词原形”,
且should不能省略
It is (high) time that you went/should go to school.
【即时训练】
1.I’m busy making preparations for the examination. If I ________ time now, I ________ have a good rest.
A.have; would B.have; could C.had; would D.has; will
2.If I ________ out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper.
A.hadn’t run B.shouldn’t run C.didn’t run D.haven’t run
3.If Mike ________ here tomorrow, he ________ his old friend.
A.came; have seen B.had come; have seen
C.came; might see D.had come; might see
4.It is suggested that I ________ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A.speak B.spoke C.will speak D.to speak
5.—Mike, It’s time that you ________ to school.
—OK, Mom. I’ll go now.
A.go B.went C.going D.to go
6.It is required that every new employee ______ a name tag.
A.to wear B.wear C.must wear D.should be worn
7.I wish I ________ taller.
A.is B.am C.were D.be
8.I would rather he ________ the truth of the accident.
A.doesn’t know B.didn’t know C.hadn’t known D.not know
9.The doctor suggested that she ______ more exercise to keep fit.
A.take B.takes C.took D.will take
10.Tom insisted that I _________ present in the hall on time to prepare _________ the meeting.
A.were; for B.am; at C.be; for D.was; at
11.Her advice is that the work ________ in two weeks. Do you ________ it?
A.must finish; accept B.should finish; take
C.must be finished; receive D.be finished; follow
12.We can assure you that the articles will be carefully selected as if you personally ________ the choice.
A.make B.made C.making D.have made
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$