内容正文:
►专题09 宾语从句、表语从句
(
考点
精讲
)
(
宾语从句
)
宾语从句用法归纳
一、 宾语从句的引导词
引导宾语从句的词有:连词that, if, whether;连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。
1. 连词that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分,也无任何意义,可以省略;其它带有疑问意义的连接词则不能省略。如:
I know (that) he is a good teacher.
He doesn’t know who first discovered America.
2. whether与if
① 二者都有“是否”的意思,一般可以换用,但在介词之后,不定式之前,与or not连用时,只能用whether。如:
It all depends on whether they will support us.
She stood in the doorway, unable to decide whether to go in.
② 引导否定的宾语从句时只能用 if。如:
I wonder if he won’t hurt the feeling of his girl friend.
③ 另外引导主语从句(放在句首)、表语从句、同位语从句时,也只能用 whether,不能用if。
3. what
在宾语从句中,引导词 what具有两种含义:
① 保留疑问,即“什么”的意义。
② 相当于“all/everything that”,常译成“……的(东西或事)”。
二、 宾语从句注意事项
1. 宾语从句无论用哪种连接词来引导,语序都必须用陈述语序,尽管有时有疑问意义。如:Do you know when the lesson will begin?
2. 要注意主、从句时态的一致和相应变化。如:
① 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候,从句可根据说话人的需要选择适当的时态。如:
She asks me if I went to Dalian last year.
② 当主句是过去时的时候,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。如:
He said that he would fly to Egypt the next day.
③ 当从句是客观真理、习惯动作或状态时,不受主句时态的限制。如:
The teacher told the children that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
3. it作形式宾语
在“谓语+ it + 宾补 + 宾语从句”结构中,it用作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语从句后置。如:
I thought it strange that he failed to call me.
三、宾语从句考点梳理
【知识梳理1】 宾语从句的关系词及类型
1. 宾语从句的关系词
连接词:从属连词,连接代词,连接副词
引导词有连词that (that 常可省略), whether, if;
代词有who, whose, what ,which;
副词 when ,where, how, why 等。
2. 及物动词后的宾语从句:
1)由从属连词引导的宾语从句
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
2)由连接代词引导的宾语从句
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
3)由连接副词引导的宾语从句
I wonder why she refused my invitation.
3介词后的宾语从句:
1)I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.
2)The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.
4. 某些形容词后的宾语从句:
1)I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.
2)We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.
5. 非谓语动词后的宾语从句:
1)Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing.
2)On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “Terrible”.
6. 形式宾语it 引导的宾语从句,一般谓语动词是及物动词 consider、find、make、regard、see、take、think等
1)We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
2)I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.
3)He always takes it for granted that he can pass the exam without hard work.
【知识梳理2】宾语从句的语序与语态
1. 从句要用称述句语序
I’m not sure when they will start.
He told me why he didn’t come yesterday.
2. 宾语从句的时态特点
宾语从句的时态有时受主句时态的影响。
1) 主句使用现在时(包括一般现在时与现在完成时)时,从句可以使用任何时态,从句时态可以与主句一致,也可以根据从句本身的需要使用各种时态。
I think you are right.
I think you were wrong at that time.
I think she’ll come in time.
I think he has already finished his homework.
I doubt whether he is telling the truth.
She has told me that she has never been to the Great Wall.
2)主句使用过去时,从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态以外,一律使用过去时态。
He said that the earth turns around the sun .
从句中含有过去时间状语时,使用一般过去时。
I didn’t think he was wrong yesterday.
从句中没有过去时间状语,但谈论的是过去发生的事实或从句含有完成时态状语时,常用过去完成时。
I didn’t think he had been wrong .
从句中含有将来时间状语或虽不含有时间状语,但却是谈论未来发生的事实,使用过去将来时。
I wondered whether you would mind doing me a favor.
3. 要注意的几个问题
1)后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如:
I admire their winning the match. (right)
I admire that they won the match. (wrong)
2)不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句”结构中,常见的有: envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如:
He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)
【点睛】宾语从句:
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序,即宾语从句的主从句是一体的。
2. 时态
含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应,包括以下三点内容:
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。如:①I don’t know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
②He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如:
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时。
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表语从句
)
表语从句的定义
在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于主句的系动词后。表语从句说明主语是什么,对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内具体化。
例:
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。
表语从句的构成
主语+系动词+表语从句
可以接表语从句的系动词有:
be,feel,seem,look,sound,taste,smell,appear,remain,keep,stay,become,get,grow,turn,go,prove,turn out 等。
引导表语从句的引导词有:
that,what,which,who,whether,if,how,when,why,where等
例:The book is not what I need.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
Protocol(协议) was what enabled(缺主语) him make difficult decisions without ever looking back.
表语从句引导词的用法
1. that引导的表语从句
(1) that 在从句中仅起连接作用,无实际意义,在句中不做任何成分,不能省略。
例:My opinion is that it’s getting better and better.
(2)在表 “建议,劝说,命令” 的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略。
例:My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
2. whether 在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if不能引导表语从句。
例:The question is whether it is worth doing.
3. what 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示什么,什么样子,或所…的(人或事)。
例:The question is what caused the accident.
4. who 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示“谁”.
例:The problem is who could do the work
5. which 在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语。表示“哪一个,哪一些”。
例:I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
6. 由as if,as though引导表语从句,表示“好像”。句子中的系动词常用be, look, appear, seem,sound等。
例:It looks as if it is going to rain.
The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. (虚拟语气)
7. 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由 why 引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用 that 来引导,而不能由 because 引导。because 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because…句型中。
例:The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.
I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.
8. 当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备,但还是要表示疑问含义,可以判断句子中缺少状语,常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导,有why,when,where,how 等。
例:This is how he did it.
That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.
That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
表语从句引导词注意事项
1. that 引导表语从句时不能省。
2. if 不能引导表语从句。
3. 除 that 外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
4. 除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分。
(
考点
反馈
)
1.—Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner?
—Talking about weather is a good choice.
A.how B.whether C.why D.when
2.—Can you tell me________?
—Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A.when World Book Day is B.when is World Book Day
C.how you celebrate World Book Day D.how do you celebrate World Book Day
3.)—Excuse me, could you tell me _______?
—Go along this road, turn left at the first crossing. It’s on your right.
A.where is No.1 Secondary School B.which is the way to No.1 Secondary School
C.where No.1 Secondary School was D.how can I get to No.1 Secondary School
4.—I am wondering ________ AI knows so much.
—That’s because the high technology develops quite rapidly.
A.where B.when C.what D.why
5.—Can you tell me ________ Mr. Gibson visits the museum?
—Twice a month.
A.how long B.how often C.how soon D.how much
6.— Could you tell me _________?
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A.when Kevin visited the museum B.which museum Kevin likes best
C.when did Kevin visit the museum D.which museum does Kevin like best
7.Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A.why B.which C.where D.what
8.—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________?
—It’s on sale, only 45 yuan. Do you like it?
A.how much does the jacket cost B.how much the jacket costs
C.what was the price of the jacket D.whether the price of the jacket was high
9.He was late for school this morning. The reason was ________ he got up late.
A.because B.whether C.that D.because of
10.________ troubles me is ________ I should go with you.
A.What; whether B.What; what C.Whether; that D.That; whether
11.Our country ________ great changes in the past 75 years and it is no longer ________ it used to be.
A.went through; what B.has gone through; that C.experienced; that D.has experienced; what
12.Everybody might make mistakes, but the difference is ________ we see the mistake — a learning experience or a failure.
A.when B.how C.why D.what
13.Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What matters most is ________ you see yourself.
A.what B.when C.how D.which
14.This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A.what B.whether C.if D.where
15.I don’t think Tom will come here on time, _______?
A.won’t he B.does he C.will he D.doesn’t he
(
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►专题09 宾语从句、表语从句
(
考点
精讲
)
(
宾语从句
)
宾语从句用法归纳
一、 宾语从句的引导词
引导宾语从句的词有:连词that, if, whether;连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。
1. 连词that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分,也无任何意义,可以省略;其它带有疑问意义的连接词则不能省略。如:
I know (that) he is a good teacher.
He doesn’t know who first discovered America.
2. whether与if
① 二者都有“是否”的意思,一般可以换用,但在介词之后,不定式之前,与or not连用时,只能用whether。如:
It all depends on whether they will support us.
She stood in the doorway, unable to decide whether to go in.
② 引导否定的宾语从句时只能用 if。如:
I wonder if he won’t hurt the feeling of his girl friend.
③ 另外引导主语从句(放在句首)、表语从句、同位语从句时,也只能用 whether,不能用if。
3. what
在宾语从句中,引导词 what具有两种含义:
① 保留疑问,即“什么”的意义。
② 相当于“all/everything that”,常译成“……的(东西或事)”。
二、 宾语从句注意事项
1. 宾语从句无论用哪种连接词来引导,语序都必须用陈述语序,尽管有时有疑问意义。如:Do you know when the lesson will begin?
2. 要注意主、从句时态的一致和相应变化。如:
① 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候,从句可根据说话人的需要选择适当的时态。如:
She asks me if I went to Dalian last year.
② 当主句是过去时的时候,宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。如:
He said that he would fly to Egypt the next day.
③ 当从句是客观真理、习惯动作或状态时,不受主句时态的限制。如:
The teacher told the children that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
3. it作形式宾语
在“谓语+ it + 宾补 + 宾语从句”结构中,it用作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语从句后置。如:
I thought it strange that he failed to call me.
三、宾语从句考点梳理
【知识梳理1】 宾语从句的关系词及类型
1. 宾语从句的关系词
连接词:从属连词,连接代词,连接副词
引导词有连词that (that 常可省略), whether, if;
代词有who, whose, what ,which;
副词 when ,where, how, why 等。
2. 及物动词后的宾语从句:
1)由从属连词引导的宾语从句
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
2)由连接代词引导的宾语从句
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
3)由连接副词引导的宾语从句
I wonder why she refused my invitation.
3介词后的宾语从句:
1)I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.
2)The teacher is satisfied with what she has said.
4. 某些形容词后的宾语从句:
1)I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard work.
2)We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us.
5. 非谓语动词后的宾语从句:
1)Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing.
2)On being asked whether he had had a good time in Australia, he answered “Terrible”.
6. 形式宾语it 引导的宾语从句,一般谓语动词是及物动词 consider、find、make、regard、see、take、think等
1)We must make it clear that anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
2)I find it necessary that we should ask him for his advice.
3)He always takes it for granted that he can pass the exam without hard work.
【知识梳理2】宾语从句的语序与语态
1. 从句要用称述句语序
I’m not sure when they will start.
He told me why he didn’t come yesterday.
2. 宾语从句的时态特点
宾语从句的时态有时受主句时态的影响。
1) 主句使用现在时(包括一般现在时与现在完成时)时,从句可以使用任何时态,从句时态可以与主句一致,也可以根据从句本身的需要使用各种时态。
I think you are right.
I think you were wrong at that time.
I think she’ll come in time.
I think he has already finished his homework.
I doubt whether he is telling the truth.
She has told me that she has never been to the Great Wall.
2)主句使用过去时,从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态以外,一律使用过去时态。
He said that the earth turns around the sun .
从句中含有过去时间状语时,使用一般过去时。
I didn’t think he was wrong yesterday.
从句中没有过去时间状语,但谈论的是过去发生的事实或从句含有完成时态状语时,常用过去完成时。
I didn’t think he had been wrong .
从句中含有将来时间状语或虽不含有时间状语,但却是谈论未来发生的事实,使用过去将来时。
I wondered whether you would mind doing me a favor.
3. 要注意的几个问题
1)后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如:
I admire their winning the match. (right)
I admire that they won the match. (wrong)
2)不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句”结构中,常见的有: envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如:
He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)
【点睛】宾语从句:
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序,即宾语从句的主从句是一体的。
2. 时态
含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应,包括以下三点内容:
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。如:①I don’t know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
②He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如:
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时。
(
表语从句
)
表语从句的定义
在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于主句的系动词后。表语从句说明主语是什么,对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内具体化。
例:
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。
表语从句的构成
主语+系动词+表语从句
可以接表语从句的系动词有:
be,feel,seem,look,sound,taste,smell,appear,remain,keep,stay,become,get,grow,turn,go,prove,turn out 等。
引导表语从句的引导词有:
that,what,which,who,whether,if,how,when,why,where等
例:The book is not what I need.
The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
Protocol(协议) was what enabled(缺主语) him make difficult decisions without ever looking back.
表语从句引导词的用法
1. that引导的表语从句
(1) that 在从句中仅起连接作用,无实际意义,在句中不做任何成分,不能省略。
例:My opinion is that it’s getting better and better.
(2)在表 “建议,劝说,命令” 的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略。
例:My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
2. whether 在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if不能引导表语从句。
例:The question is whether it is worth doing.
3. what 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示什么,什么样子,或所…的(人或事)。
例:The question is what caused the accident.
4. who 在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,表示“谁”.
例:The problem is who could do the work
5. which 在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语。表示“哪一个,哪一些”。
例:I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
6. 由as if,as though引导表语从句,表示“好像”。句子中的系动词常用be, look, appear, seem,sound等。
例:It looks as if it is going to rain.
The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. (虚拟语气)
7. 当主句的主语为reason,或者是由 why 引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用 that 来引导,而不能由 because 引导。because 引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because…句型中。
例:The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.
I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.
8. 当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备,但还是要表示疑问含义,可以判断句子中缺少状语,常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导,有why,when,where,how 等。
例:This is how he did it.
That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.
That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
表语从句引导词注意事项
1. that 引导表语从句时不能省。
2. if 不能引导表语从句。
3. 除 that 外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。
4. 除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分。
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1.—Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner?
—Talking about weather is a good choice.
A.how B.whether C.why D.when
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我们如何与外国人开始对话吗?——谈论天气是个不错的选择。
考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何;whether是否;why为什么;when什么时候。根据“we can start a conversation with a foreigner”以及“Talking about weather is a good choice.”可知是如何与外国人开始对话,用how引导宾语从句。故选A。
2.—Can you tell me________?
—Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A.when World Book Day is B.when is World Book Day
C.how you celebrate World Book Day D.how do you celebrate World Book Day
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我你是如何庆祝世界图书日的吗?——当然。我通常会把一些书送给村里的图书馆。
考查宾语从句。根据“I usually give some books to a village library.”及选项可知,此处询问如何庆祝世界读书日,询问方式,应用how引导宾语从句。宾语从句应为陈述语序,排除D选项。故选C。
3.)—Excuse me, could you tell me _______?
—Go along this road, turn left at the first crossing. It’s on your right.
A.where is No.1 Secondary School B.which is the way to No.1 Secondary School
C.where No.1 Secondary School was D.how can I get to No.1 Secondary School
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我去第一中学的路吗?——沿着这条路走,在第一个十字路口向左拐。它在你的右边。
考查宾语从句。根据“could you tell me...?”可知,空格处是宾语从句,结合语境可知,宾语从句应采用一般现在时,所以排除选项C;宾语从句要采用陈述语序,所以排除选项A和D。选项B中which在这个句子中作为主语,而谓语动词is跟在主语后面,符合陈述语序的规则。故选B。
4.—I am wondering ________ AI knows so much.
—That’s because the high technology develops quite rapidly.
A.where B.when C.what D.why
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我在想AI为什么知道这么多。——那是因为高科技发展得相当快。
考查宾语从句。where哪里;when什么时候;what什么;why为什么。根据“That’s because the high technology develops quite rapidly.”可知,此处在解释原因,因此用why来引导宾语从句。故选D。
5.—Can you tell me ________ Mr. Gibson visits the museum?
—Twice a month.
A.how long B.how often C.how soon D.how much
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我吉布森先生多久参观一次博物馆吗?——一个月两次。
考查疑问词组辨析。how long多久;how often多长时间一次;how soon多久以后;how much多少。根据“Twice a month.”可知,此处是问参观博物馆的频率,用how often。故选B。
6.— Could you tell me _________?
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A.when Kevin visited the museum B.which museum Kevin likes best
C.when did Kevin visit the museum D.which museum does Kevin like best
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆吗?——他最喜欢科学博物馆。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除CD;根据答语“He likes the Science Museum best.”可知,询问最喜欢哪个,故选B。
7.Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A.why B.which C.where D.what
【答案】A
【详解】句意:青少年并不总是理解为什么他们的父母有这么多规则。
考查宾语从句。why为什么;which哪一个;where在哪里;what什么。分析句子可知,此处是含宾语从句的复合句,从句不缺主语、宾语,故不用which、what引导从句。结合句子可知,此处询问原因,故用why。故选A。
8.—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________?
—It’s on sale, only 45 yuan. Do you like it?
A.how much does the jacket cost B.how much the jacket costs
C.what was the price of the jacket D.whether the price of the jacket was high
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——对不起,你能告诉我这件夹克多少钱吗?——它在搞特价,只要45元。你喜欢吗?
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,排除AC;根据答语“It’s on sale, only 45 yuan.”可知,是对价格提问,用how much,故选B。
9.He was late for school this morning. The reason was ________ he got up late.
A.because B.whether C.that D.because of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他今天早上上学迟到了。原因是他起得晚。
考查连词辨析。because因为;whether是否;that无实意;because of由于,后面需要接名词或动名词作为宾语,不能直接接句子。此句为表语从句,主语是The reason,表语从句的引导词用that,不用because。故选C。
10.________ troubles me is ________ I should go with you.
A.What; whether B.What; what C.Whether; that D.That; whether
【答案】A
【详解】句意:让我烦恼的是我是否应该和你一起去。
考查连词辨析。what什么;whether是否;that引导从句无意义。第一个空作主语从句的主语,用what引导主语从句;第二个空后是表语从句,根据“I should go with you”可知烦恼是否应该一起去,用whether引导表语从句。故选A。
11.Our country ________ great changes in the past 75 years and it is no longer ________ it used to be.
A.went through; what B.has gone through; that C.experienced; that D.has experienced; what
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们国家过去75年来经历了巨大变化,不再是过去的样子了。
考查时态和表语从句。go through经历;experience经历。根据“in the past 75 years”可知,第一空时态是现在完成时,排除选项A、C;that和what均能引导表语从句,而that在从句中不作任何成分,what可作句子成分,本题中空处作从句的表语,因此用what引导从句。故选D。
12.Everybody might make mistakes, but the difference is ________ we see the mistake — a learning experience or a failure.
A.when B.how C.why D.what
【答案】B
【详解】句意:每个人都可能犯错误,但不同的是我们如何看待错误——学习经验或一次失败。
考查表语从句的连接词。when什么时候;how如何;why为什么;what什么。根据“a learning experience or a failure”可知,此处指看待错误的方式,也就是说“如何看待错误”,用how引导。故选B。
13.Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What matters most is ________ you see yourself.
A.what B.when C.how D.which
【答案】C
【详解】句意:不要理会那些嘲笑你的人。最重要的是你如何看待自己。
考查表语从句。what什么;when什么时候;how如何;which哪个。根据“Pay no attention to those who laugh at you.”可知,不要在乎那些嘲笑的人,最重要的是你如何看待自己。故选C。
14.This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A.what B.whether C.if D.where
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这就是我父亲教给我的——面对困难,凡事往好处想。
考查表语从句。根据句子结构可知,空格和后面的句子是一个表语从句,此空作动词taught的宾语,用what引导表语从句,故选A。
15.I don’t think Tom will come here on time, _______?
A.won’t he B.does he C.will he D.doesn’t he
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我认为汤姆不会按时来,是吗?
考查反意疑问句。根据句子结构可知这是一个宾语从句,另外主句主语为第一人称I,谓语动词为think,那么反意疑问句部分的主语和谓语应与从句一致,且这是一个典型的否定前移,否定的应是从句,故反意疑问句部分应该是肯定,所以排除AD选项,宾语从句谓语动词为“will come”,排除B,故选C。
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